Metals have been mined in Colorado since the 1800s. Metals are economic minerals that are used for a wide variety of products and are also valued as collectible specimens. The early history of Colorado parallels the history of metal mining in the U.S. and is directly tied to the first significant documented discovery of gold in the summer of 1858. A party of prospectors discovered placer gold in stream gravel at what is now downtown Denver, near the confluence of the Cherry Creek and South Platte Rivers (Auraria). This discovery led to the first Colorado gold rush. Pike’s Peak or Bust was emblazoned on many of the ox-drawn wagons carrying optimistic prospectors across the Great Plains to the Rocky Mountains of Colorado. Intro Many of the historical metal mining districts in Colorado were created during the initial gold rush of 1858-61 which lead to the discovery of other metals. For example, as summarized from RS-42 Geology and Mineral Resources of Lake County, Colorado, when the gold rush expanded throughout Colorado, mining in the Leadville District began with the discovery of placer gold in California Gulch in the early 1860s. The peak of placer mining lasted from about 1860 to 1863 and declined through 1875. During the mining of placer gold, heavy blue-black sands, recognized by some as lead carbonate, caused issues with the placer mining. Some of this lead carbonate contained silver however, the economics of the day made it difficult to ship this ore to far away smelters unless it contained an abundance of silver. As other deposits in the area were discovered around 1876, some with much higher concentrations of silver, closer new smelters including the lead-silver smelter at Georgetown were being constructed. In 1877, the ore deposits at Fryer Hill near Leadville were discovered, and the silver boom, considered one of the largest in the state, was on. Within two years, the population in Leadville went from 200 people in 1877 to a population of more than 15,000. In 1880, annual production increased to over 10 million ounces of silver and 66 million pounds of lead. The Leadville, Colorado smelter of the American Smelting and Refining Company, December, 1942. Photo credit: Andreas Feininger. At various times throughout its history, Colorado has been the leading U.S. producer of gold, silver, molybdenum, lead, zinc, uranium, and tungsten. Other metals that have been mined in Colorado include copper, tin, vanadium, iron, beryllium, lithium, thorium, tantalum, and manganese. Many of the ore bodies that were initially mined for one commodity included other valuable base metals. As reported in RS-42, Leadville is one of the great metal producing districts of the world and contains six types of mineral deposit systems. Through 1999, Leadville produced ~28.9 million tons of ore containing 3.3 million ounces of gold, 265 million ounces of silver, 2,354 pounds of lead, 1,936 million pounds of zinc, and 110 million pounds of copper. Currently, as of 2020, metals mined in Colorado include gold, molybdenum, and silver. Molybdenum is primarily used to produce engineering steels (e.g. superalloys, nickel alloys, and tool steels), stainless steel, molybdenum metal and other alloys, catalysts, pigments, corrosion inhibitors, smoke suppressants, lubricants, and chemicals. In Colorado, molybdenum is mined at the Climax and Henderson mines. A majority of the 2018 primary molybdenum production in the U.S. was from these two Colorado mines that produced approximately 35 million pounds combined. In the U.S., Colorado ranked second in molybdenum production following that recovered as a byproduct of copper mining at several Arizona mines. The largest producer of gold in Colorado is the Cripple Creek and Victor (CC&V) open pit mine located in Teller County. In 2018, Colorado was the third state in the U.S. for gold production with 360,000 ounces produced from CC&V. Smaller amounts of placer gold is recovered from sand and gravel aggregate operations along some rivers and streams including the South Platte, Arkansas, and Colorado Rivers, as well as Clear Creek. Additionally, a few small lode gold mines operated by private individuals or small groups likely produce small tonnages of high-grade gold and silver ore. Details Currently, the majority of metals mined in Colorado include gold, molybdenum, and minor amounts of silver that are recovered during gold mining. Colorado has historically produced gold, silver, molybdenum, zinc, copper, lead, and other metals. Some of these metals are discussed below. Metal occurrences and historic metal mines are common in Colorado. The CGS publication MS-28 Location Map and Descriptions of Metal Occurrences in Colorado with Notes on Economic Potential provides descriptions of metal occurrences and a map showing the general location of these deposits in Colorado. More about historic metal mining by mining district is reported in ON-007-08 Historic Metal Mining Districts of Colorado that includes a data download and an online map. These publications give a summary of the historic mining activities as well as a list of references about the geology of each district or area. Gold Gold deposit locations and types in Colorado are widespread and diverse. The CGS publication RS-28 Gold Occurrences of Colorado provides a database of gold occurrences, a map showing the locations, and a geologic summary of each deposit type in Colorado. Also, the CGS RockTalk: Gold in Colorado provides an excellent summary of gold in Colorado. The largest gold mining area in the state in terms of production is the Cripple Creek mining district located in Teller County. This area is still being mined today with 2019 gold production from the Cripple Creek and Victor Mine (CC&V) at ~322,000 ounces. Historically producing gold districts in Colorado that once produced over ~1 million troy ounces of gold include the Cripple Creek district in Teller County, Central City district in Gilpin County, Telluride district in San Miguel County, Leadville district in Lake County, Sneffels district in Ouray County, Silverton district in San Juan County, and Breckenridge district in Summit County. Other important mining districts in the state that historically produced over ~500,000 troy ounces of gold include the Idaho Springs district in Clear Creek county, Summitville district in Rio Grande County, and Empire district in Clear Creek County. The Gilman district in Eagle County also produced ~400,000 troy ounces of gold primarily as a byproduct of zinc mining. Molybdenum Molybdenum is found in many areas of the state, occurring as the sulfide mineral, molybdenite. As discussed in MS-28 Location Map and Descriptions of Metal Occurrences in Colorado, molybdenite was recognized as an ore of molybdenum early on in the state’s mining history but the commodity did not become important until World War I. At that time, in 1917, the world-class Climax deposit located on Fremont Pass, Lake and Summit counties, was brought on line. Climax is one of the largest, if not the largest, known deposits of primary molybdenum ore in the world. At its height of production during World War II, Climax supplied 80 percent of the world’s demand for this steel hardening alloy metal. The CGS RockTalk: Molybdenum in Colorado provides an excellent summary about the history and geology of molybdenum in Colorado. Today, the Climax and Henderson mine in Colorado are primarily molybdenum mines. In 2019, the Climax and Henderson mines produced 12 and 17 million pounds of molybdenum, respectively. These deposits are complex and are known as Climax-type porphyry molybdenum deposits. Climax-type porphyry deposits are only currently known in western North America. Of the thirteen known deposits of this type, six occur in Colorado and are known as the Climax, Henderson, Mt. Emmons, Silver Creek, Urad, and Redwell Basin deposits. Other metals may be associated with these deposits. Fox example, the Climax Mine historically produced tungsten as a byproduct of molybdenum mining and was the leading tungsten producer in the U.S. for several years. Silver, Lead, Zinc, and Copper Several mining districts in Colorado produced gold and silver as well as the base metals (common metals not considered precious) lead, zinc, and copper. Currently, silver is produced as a byproduct of gold mining at CC&V. Some of the larger mining districts associated with silver and base metals, as well as gold, include Leadville, Gilman, Kokomo, and Aspen. Total production from these four districts is estimated as follows: ~502 million ounces of silver, ~1.8 million short tons of zinc, ~1.7 million short tons of lead, ~160,000 short tons of copper, and ~3.6 million ounces of gold. About half of the gold and silver production was from Leadville with most of the gold being produced from the placer deposits in California Gulch (Thompson, 2017). Through 1999, the Leadville district in Lake County has produced ~28.9 million tons of ore with about 3.3 million ounces of gold, 265 million ounces of silver, 1.18 million short tons of lead, 968,000 short tons of zinc, and 55,000 short tons of copper. The Gilman district, which includes the historic Eagle Mine in Eagle County, produced several metals. Between 1880 and 1972, over 99% of Eagle County production came from the Gilman district including: ~858,000 short tons of zinc, ~148,000 short tons of lead, ~105,000 short tons of copper, ~66 million ounces of silver, and ~393,000 ounces of gold. Up until about 1952, the Aspen district produced about 111 million ounces of silver, 294,000 short tons of lead, and 11,000 short tons of zinc. Other Metals Other minerals that have been mined in the past or show some promise in Colorado include barite, beryllium, bismuth, lithium, manganese, niobium-tantalum, REEs (Rare Earth Elements), tin, titanium, tungsten, uranium, and vanadium. Some of these materials were produced in greater quantities in Colorado than others including uranium, vanadium, and tungsten. For example, the Uravan mineral belt located in western Colorado has produced large quantities of uranium and vanadium. This area accounted for about 77% of the total uranium production in the state. The Uravan mineral belt produced almost 14 million tons of ore averaging 0.24 percent triuranium octoxide (U3O8) and over 356 million pounds of vanadium oxide. The Schwartzwalder Mine located in Jefferson County was largest single uranium mine in Colorado and produced 10.5 million pounds of U3O8 by 1978. In the past, Boulder County produced tungsten from areas near Nederland and Ward. The Boulder County mining district produced small quantities up until the late 1950s with most of the ore from the district being produced from the early 1900s to 1918 followed by declining production thru the 1950s. Tungsten was last produced in 1986 as a byproduct of molybdenum mining at the Climax Mine in Lake County.
Publications Our historic RockTalk publications provide comprehensive overviews of the mining history and geology of gold, molybdenum, and uranium deposits in Colorado. O’Keeffe, Michael K. “IS-85 Colorado Mineral and Energy Industry Activities 2021-2022.” Mineral and Energy Industry. Information Series. Golden, CO: Colorado Geological Survey, March 2023. https://doi.org/10.58783/cgs.is85.jlax9119. CGS Publications. https://coloradogeologicalsurvey.org/publications/colorado-mineral-energy-industry-activities-2022. ———. “IS-84 Colorado Mineral and Energy Industry Activities 2020-2021.” Mineral and Energy Industry. Information Series. Golden, CO: Colorado Geological Survey, September 2022. https://doi.org/10.58783/cgs.is84.vcma9638. CGS Publications. https://coloradogeologicalsurvey.org/publications/colorado-mineral-energy-industry-activities-2021. Anderson, Donna S., and Paul B. Haseman. MI-102 Golden Rocks: The Geology and Mining History of Golden, Colorado. Miscellaneous, MI–102. Golden, CO: Donna Anderson and Paul Haseman, 2021. https://coloradogeologicalsurvey.org/publications/geology-mining-history-golden-colorado/. O’Keeffe, Michael K., and Karen A. Berry. “IS-83 Colorado Mineral and Energy Industry Activities 2019-2020.” Mineral and Energy Industry. Information Series. Golden, CO: Colorado Geological Survey, 2021. https://doi.org/10.58783/cgs.is83.qwgz1250. CGS Publications. https://coloradogeologicalsurvey.org/publications/colorado-mineral-energy-industry-activities-2020. ———. “IS-82 Colorado Mineral and Energy Industry Activities 2018-2019.” Mineral and Energy Industry. Information Series. Golden, CO: Colorado Geological Survey, 2020. https://doi.org/10.58783/cgs.is82.uxtn3836. CGS Publications. https://coloradogeologicalsurvey.org/publications/colorado-mineral-energy-industry-activities-2019. O’Keeffe, Michael K., Alexander I. Peretyatko, and Karen A. Berry. “IS-81 Colorado Mineral and Energy Industry Activities 2017-2018.” Mineral and Energy Industry. Information Series. Golden, CO: Colorado Geological Survey, 2019. https://doi.org/10.58783/cgs.is81.uhla8285. CGS Publications. https://coloradogeologicalsurvey.org/publications/colorado-mineral-energy-industry-activities-2018. O’Keeffe, Michael K., and Karen A. Berry. “IS-80 Colorado Mineral and Energy Industry Activities 2016-2017.” Mineral and Energy Industry. Information Series. Golden, CO: Colorado Geological Survey, 2017. https://doi.org/10.58783/cgs.is80.xknf9228. CGS Publications. https://coloradogeologicalsurvey.org/publications/colorado-mineral-energy-industry-activities-2017. Cappa, James A., Michael K. O’Keeffe, James R. Guilinger, and Karen A. Berry. “IS-79 Colorado Mineral and Energy Industry Activities 2015-2016.” Mineral and Energy Industry. Information Series. Golden, CO: Colorado Geological Survey, 2016. https://doi.org/10.58783/cgs.is79.fwqe8752. CGS Publications. https://coloradogeologicalsurvey.org/publications/colorado-mineral-energy-industry-activities-2016. Burnell, James R. “ON-007-08M Historic Metal Mining Districts of Colorado (Map) – v20201112.” Mining, Online. Golden, CO: Colorado Geological Survey, 2015. https://coloradogeologicalsurvey.org/publications/historic-metal-mining-districts-colorado-map/. ———. “ON-007-08D Historic Metal Mining Districts of Colorado (Data) – V20201112.” Mining, (variable) online map. Online Series. Golden, CO: Colorado Geological Survey, 2015. https://coloradogeologicalsurvey.org/publications/historic-metal-mining-districts-colorado-data. ———. “ON-007-08M Historic Metal Mining Districts of Colorado (Map) – V20201112.” Mining, (variable) online map. Online Series. Golden, CO: Colorado Geological Survey, 2015. https://coloradogeologicalsurvey.org/publications/historic-metal-mining-districts-colorado-map. Guilinger, James R., and John W. Keller. “IS-78 Colorado Mineral and Energy Industry Activities 2014-2015.” Mineral and Energy Industry. Information Series. Golden, CO: Colorado Geological Survey, 2015. https://doi.org/10.58783/cgs.is78.stvy8149. CGS Publications. https://coloradogeologicalsurvey.org/publications/colorado-mineral-energy-industry-activities-2015. McCalpin, James P., Jonathan A. Funk, and David Mendel. “OF-12-06 Leadville South Quadrangle Geologic Map, Lake County, Colorado.” Geologic, 1:24,000. Open File Reports. Denver, CO: Colorado Geological Survey, Department of Natural Resources, 2012. https://doi.org/10.58783/cgs.of1206.unqz4575. CGS Publications. https://coloradogeologicalsurvey.org/publications/geologic-map-leadville-south-quadrangle-lake-colorado. Davis, Mark W., and Randall K. Streufert. RS-28 Gold Occurrences of Colorado. Resource Series, RS-28. Denver, CO: Colorado Geological Survey, Department of Natural Resources, 2011. https://coloradogeologicalsurvey.org/publications/gold-occurrences-colorado. Lynch, Dan R., and Bob Lynch. MI-93 Colorado Rocks and Minerals: A Field Guide to the Centennial State. Cambridge, MN: Adventure Publications, 2010. Parker, Ben H. “IS-33 Gold Panning and Placering In Colorado: How and Where.” Gold. Information Series. Denver, CO: Colorado Geological Survey, Department of Natural Resources, 2009. https://doi.org/10.58783/cgs.is33.alrx9539. CGS Publications. https://coloradogeologicalsurvey.org/publications/gold-panning-placering-colorado. Burnell, James R., Christopher J. Carroll, and Genevieve Young. “IS-77 Colorado Mineral and Energy Industry Activities, 2007.” Mineral and Energy Industry. Information Series. Denver, CO: Colorado Geological Survey, Department of Natural Resources, 2008. https://doi.org/10.58783/cgs.is77.xmgx1894. CGS Publications. https://coloradogeologicalsurvey.org/publications/colorado-mineral-energy-industry-activities-2007. Cappa, James A., Genevieve Young, James R. Burnell, Christopher J. Carroll, and Beth Widmann. “IS-75 Colorado Mineral and Energy Industry Activities, 2006.” Mineral and Energy Industry. Information Series. Denver, CO: Colorado Geological Survey, Department of Natural Resources, 2007. https://doi.org/10.58783/cgs.is75.xkzy8070. CGS Publications. https://coloradogeologicalsurvey.org/publications/colorado-mineral-energy-industry-activities-2006. Colorado Geological Survey. “RockTalk V09N2, Fall 2006 – Uranium – It’s Hot!!” RockTalk, Fall 2006. https://doi.org/10.58783/cgs.rt0902.ukut5447. CGS Publications. https://coloradogeologicalsurvey.org/publications/rocktalk-uranium-colorado/. Cappa, James A., Genevieve Young, John W. Keller, Christopher J. Carroll, and Beth Widmann. “IS-70 Colorado Mineral and Mineral Fuel Activity, 2004.” Mineral and Mineral Fuel. Information Series. Denver, CO: Colorado Geological Survey, Division of Minerals and Geology, Department of Natural Resources, 2005. https://doi.org/10.58783/cgs.is70.zlqt3743. CGS Publications. https://coloradogeologicalsurvey.org/publications/colorado-minerals-fuel-activity-2004. ———. “IS-73 Colorado Mineral and Energy Industry Activities, 2005.” Mineral and Energy Industry. Information Series. Denver, CO: Colorado Geological Survey, Division of Minerals and Geology, Department of Natural Resources, 2005. https://doi.org/10.58783/cgs.is73.kpdt7402. CGS Publications. https://coloradogeologicalsurvey.org/publications/colorado-mineral-energy-industry-activities-2005. Preston, Ralph N. “MI-89 Colorado Gold and Gems Maps, Then and Now.” Miscellaneous Investigations. Northwest Distributors, 2005. https://historicalmapsonline.com/product/colorado-gold. Wood II, Robert H., and David A. Bird. “OF-05-11 Mine Site History and Environmental Setting of the Akron Mine, Gunnison National Forest, Gunnison County, Colorado.” Mine Site History. Open File Reports. Denver, CO: Colorado Geological Survey, Department of Natural Resources, 2005. https://doi.org/10.58783/cgs.of0511.qlkw1578. CGS Publications. https://coloradogeologicalsurvey.org/publications/history-geology-environment-akron-mine-gunnison-national-forest-colorado. Wood II, Robert H., David A. Bird, and Matthew A. Sares. “OF-05-01 Mine Site History and Watershed Characterization of the Cinnamon Gulch Area, Dillon Ranger District, White River National Forest, Summit County, Colorado.” Mineral and Water Resources. Open File Reports. Denver, CO: Colorado Geological Survey, Department of Natural Resources, 2005. https://doi.org/10.58783/cgs.of0501.yvro3555. CGS Publications. https://coloradogeologicalsurvey.org/publications/mine-history-watershed-characterization-cinnamon-gulch-dillon-white-river-summit-colorado. Henry, Thomas W. and Gold Belt Tour Scenic and Historic Byway Association. MI-76 Geologic Guidebook to the Gold Belt Byway, Colorado. Cañon City, CO: B&B Printers, 2004. Wood II, Robert H., John T. Neubert, and David A. Bird. “OF-03-14 History, Geology, and Environmental Setting of Selected Mines in the Upper Alamosa River Basin, Rio Grande National Forest, Conejos and Rio Grande Counties, Colorado.” History and Geology. Open File Reports. Denver, CO: Colorado Geological Survey, Division of Minerals and Geology, Department of Natural Resources, 2004. https://doi.org/10.58783/cgs.of0314.kgdu9605. CGS Publications. https://coloradogeologicalsurvey.org/publications/history-geology-environment-mines-alamosa-river-basin-rio-grande-national-forest-conejos-colorado. Widmann, Beth L., and Harry Terbest. “OF-03-01 Evaluation of Mineral and Mineral Fuel Potential of Lincoln County State Mineral Lands Administered by the Colorado State Land Board.” Mineral and Mineral Fuel. Open File Report. Denver, CO: Colorado Geological Survey, Division of Minerals and Geology, Department of Natural Resources, May 2003. https://doi.org/10.58783/cgs.of0301.fqvk6911. CGS Publications. https://coloradogeologicalsurvey.org/publications/evaluation-mineral-fuel-potential-lincoln-cslb. Cappa, James A., Harry TerBest, and Nicole V. Koenig. “OF-03-11 Evaluation of Mineral and Mineral Fuel Potential of Adams, Arapahoe, and Denver Counties State Mineral Lands Administered by the Colorado State Land Board.” Mineral and Mineral Fuel. Open File Report. Denver, CO: Colorado Geological Survey, Division of Minerals and Geology, Department of Natural Resources, April 2003. https://doi.org/10.58783/cgs.of0311.yese7511. CGS Publications. https://coloradogeologicalsurvey.org/publications/evaluation-mineral-fuel-potential-adams-arapahoe-denver-cslb. Colorado Geological Survey. “RockTalk V06N2, April 2003 – Gold in Colorado.” RockTalk, April 2003. https://doi.org/10.58783/cgs.rt0602.maka5717. CGS Publications. https://coloradogeologicalsurvey.org/publications/rocktalk-gold-colorado/. Widmann, Beth L., L. Alex Scarbrough, Jr., Sean P. Gaffney, Harry Terbest, and James A. Cappa. “OF-03-12 Evaluation of Mineral and Mineral Fuel Potential of Baca County State Mineral Lands Administered by the Colorado State Land Board.” Mineral and Mineral Fuel. Open File Report. Denver, CO: Colorado Geological Survey, Division of Minerals and Geology, Department of Natural Resources, March 2003. https://doi.org/10.58783/cgs.of0312.vxjl5412. CGS Publications. https://coloradogeologicalsurvey.org/publications/evaluation-mineral-fuel-potential-baca-cslb. Keller, John W., and Harry Terbest. “OF-03-07 Evaluation of Mineral and Mineral Fuel Potential of El Paso County State Mineral Lands Administered by the Colorado State Land Board.” Mineral and Mineral Fuel. Open File Report. Denver, CO: Colorado Geological Survey, Division of Minerals and Geology, Department of Natural Resources, February 2003. https://doi.org/10.58783/cgs.of0307.gwwb7068. CGS Publications. https://coloradogeologicalsurvey.org/publications/evaluation-mineral-fuel-potential-el-paso-cslb. Koenig, Nicole V., Harry Terbest, and L. Alex Scarbrough, Jr. “OF-03-05 Evaluation of Mineral and Mineral Fuel Potential of Crowley and Otero Counties State Mineral Lands Administered by the Colorado State Land Board.” Mineral and Mineral Fuel. Open File Report. Denver, CO: Colorado Geological Survey, Division of Minerals and Geology, Department of Natural Resources, February 2003. https://doi.org/10.58783/cgs.of0305.vzig7458. CGS Publications. https://coloradogeologicalsurvey.org/publications/evaluation-mineral-fuel-potential-crowley-otero-cslb. Widmann, Beth L., and Harry Terbest. “OF-03-03 Evaluation of Mineral and Mineral Fuel Potential of Las Animas County State Mineral Lands Administered by the Colorado State Land Board.” Mineral and Mineral Fuel. Open File Report. Denver, CO: Colorado Geological Survey, Division of Minerals and Geology, Department of Natural Resources, January 2003. https://doi.org/10.58783/cgs.of0303.uigz6621. CGS Publications. https://coloradogeologicalsurvey.org/publications/evaluation-mineral-fuel-potential-las-animas-cslb. Cappa, James A., Beth Widmann, Christopher J. Carroll, John W. Keller, and Genevieve Young. “IS-69 Colorado Mineral and Mineral Fuel Activity, 2003.” Mineral and Mineral Fuel. Information Series. Denver, CO: Colorado Geological Survey, Division of Minerals and Geology, Department of Natural Resources, 2003. https://doi.org/10.58783/cgs.is69.thyi9168. CGS Publications. https://coloradogeologicalsurvey.org/publications/colorado-minerals-fuel-activity-2003. Keller, John W., and Harry Terbest. “OF-03-10 Evaluation of Mineral and Mineral Fuel Potential of Douglas and Elbert Counties State Mineral Lands Administered by the Colorado State Land Board.” Mineral and Mineral Fuel. Open File Report. Denver, CO: Colorado Geological Survey, Division of Minerals and Geology, Department of Natural Resources, 2003. https://doi.org/10.58783/cgs.of0310.tnba4422. CGS Publications. https://coloradogeologicalsurvey.org/publications/evaluation-mineral-fuel-potential-douglas-elbert-cslb. Wallace, C.A., John W. Keller, James P. McCalpin, Paul J. Bartos, E. E. Route, Natalie N. Jones, Francisco Gutierrez, Cindy L. Williams, and Matthew L. Morgan. “OF-02-07 Geologic Map of the Breckenridge Quadrangle, Summit and Park Counties, Colorado.” Geologic, 1:24,000. Open File Reports. Denver, CO: Colorado Geological Survey, Division of Minerals and Geology, Department of Natural Resources, 2003. https://doi.org/10.58783/cgs.of0207.sfov6687. CGS Publications. https://coloradogeologicalsurvey.org/publications/geologic-map-breckenridge-quadrangle-summit-park-colorado. Widmann, Beth, Paul J. Bartos, James P. McCalpin, and Jeffrey Jackson. “OF-03-20 Geologic Map of the Copper Mountain Quadrangle, Summit, Eagle, Lake, and Park Counties, Colorado.” Geologic, 1:24,000. Open File Reports. Denver, CO: Colorado Geological Survey, Division of Minerals and Geology, Department of Natural Resources, 2003. https://doi.org/10.58783/cgs.of0320.zypn6700. CGS Publications. https://coloradogeologicalsurvey.org/publications/geologic-map-copper-mountain-quadrangle-summit-eagle-lake-park-colorado. Wood II, Robert H. “OF-03-13 History, Geology, and Environmental Setting of the Southern Cross and 7D Mines, Hahns Peak Mining District, Routt National Forest, Routt County, Colorado.” History and Geology. Open File Reports. Denver, CO: Colorado Geological Survey, Division of Minerals and Geology, Department of Natural Resources, 2003. https://doi.org/10.58783/cgs.of0313.mitj6094. CGS Publications. https://coloradogeologicalsurvey.org/publications/history-geology-environment-mines-hahns-peak-district-routt-national-forest-colorado. Cappa, James A., and Harry TerBest. “OF-02-23 Evaluation of Mineral and Mineral Fuel Potential of Weld County State Mineral Lands Administered by the Colorado State Land Board.” Mineral and Mineral Fuel. Open File Report. Denver, CO: Colorado Geological Survey, Division of Minerals and Geology, Department of Natural Resources, December 2002. https://doi.org/10.58783/cgs.of0223.ibmb7701. CGS Publications. https://coloradogeologicalsurvey.org/publications/evaluation-mineral-fuel-potential-weld-cslb. Widmann, Beth L., and Harry Terbest. “OF-02-19 Evaluation of Mineral and Mineral Fuel Potential of Eagle and Routt Counties State Mineral Lands Administered by the Colorado State Land Board.” Mineral and Mineral Fuel. Open File Report. Denver, CO: Colorado Geological Survey, Division of Minerals and Geology, Department of Natural Resources, October 2002. https://doi.org/10.58783/cgs.of0219.pcky3253. CGS Publications. https://coloradogeologicalsurvey.org/publications/evaluation-mineral-fuel-potential-routt-eagle-cslb. Keller, John W., and Harry Terbest. “OF-02-22 Evaluation of Mineral and Mineral Fuel Potential of Pueblo County State Mineral Lands Administered by the Colorado State Land Board.” Mineral and Mineral Fuel. Open File Report. Denver, CO: Colorado Geological Survey, Division of Minerals and Geology, Department of Natural Resources, August 2002. https://doi.org/10.58783/cgs.of0222.hpnx8083. CGS Publications. https://coloradogeologicalsurvey.org/publications/evaluation-mineral-fuel-potential-pueblo-cslb. Widmann, Beth L., and Harry Terbest. “OF-02-18 Evaluation of Mineral and Mineral Fuel Potential of Delta, Mesa, Ouray, Rio Blanco, and San Miguel Counties State Mineral Lands Administered by the Colorado State Land Board.” Mineral and Mineral Fuel. Open File Report. Denver, CO: Colorado Geological Survey, Division of Minerals and Geology, Department of Natural Resources, July 2002. https://doi.org/10.58783/cgs.of0218.wuze2855. CGS Publications. https://coloradogeologicalsurvey.org/publications/evaluation-mineral-fuel-potential-rio-blanco-delta-mesa-san-miguel-ouray-cslb. Koenig, Nicole V. “OF-02-10 Evaluation of Mineral and Mineral Fuel Potential of Logan County State Mineral Lands Administered by the Colorado State Land Board.” Mineral and Mineral Fuel. Open File Report. Denver, CO: Colorado Geological Survey, Division of Minerals and Geology, Department of Natural Resources, April 2002. https://doi.org/10.58783/cgs.of0210.avgo7137. CGS Publications. https://coloradogeologicalsurvey.org/publications/evaluation-mineral-fuel-potential-logan-cslb. Koenig, Nicole V., L. Alex Scarbrough, Jr., Harry Terbest, and Rachel E. Garrison. “OF-02-11 Evaluation of Mineral and Mineral Fuel Potential of Bent County State Mineral Lands Administered by the Colorado State Land Board.” Mineral and Mineral Fuel. Open File Report. Denver, CO: Colorado Geological Survey, Division of Minerals and Geology, Department of Natural Resources, March 2002. https://doi.org/10.58783/cgs.of0211.intc6759. CGS Publications. https://coloradogeologicalsurvey.org/publications/evaluation-mineral-fuel-potential-bent-cslb. Guilinger, James R., and John W. Keller. “IS-68 Directory of Active and Permitted Mines in Colorado, 2002.” Directory of Active and Permitted Mines. Information Series. Denver, CO: Colorado Geological Survey, Division of Minerals and Geology, Department of Natural Resources, 2002. https://doi.org/10.58783/cgs.is68.gtnn2577. CGS Publications. https://coloradogeologicalsurvey.org/publications/active-mine-directory-mine-permits-colorado-2002. Keller, John W., James A. Cappa, Christopher J. Carroll, and Phyllis K. Scott. “IS-67 Colorado Mineral and Mineral Fuel Activity, 2002.” Mineral and Mineral Fuel. Information Series. Denver, CO: Colorado Geological Survey, Division of Minerals and Geology, Department of Natural Resources, 2002. https://doi.org/10.58783/cgs.is67.wwbi2658. CGS Publications. https://coloradogeologicalsurvey.org/publications/colorado-minerals-fuel-activity-2002. Keller, John W., Randal C. Phillips, and Karen S. Morgan. “IS-62 Digital Inventory of Industrial Mineral Mines and Mine Permit Locations in Colorado.” Mineral and Mineral Fuel. Information Series. Denver, CO: Colorado Geological Survey, Division of Minerals and Geology, Department of Natural Resources, 2002. https://doi.org/10.58783/cgs.is62.wmoo3072. CGS Publications. https://coloradogeologicalsurvey.org/publications/inventory-industrial-mineral-mine-permit-colorado. Koenig, Nicole V. “OF-02-09 Evaluation of Mineral and Mineral Fuel Potential of Morgan County State Mineral Lands Administered by the Colorado State Land Board.” Mineral and Mineral Fuel. Open File Report. Denver, CO: Colorado Geological Survey, Division of Minerals and Geology, Department of Natural Resources, 2002. https://doi.org/10.58783/cgs.of0209.ljqp9700. CGS Publications. https://coloradogeologicalsurvey.org/publications/evaluation-mineral-fuel-potential-morgan-cslb. May, David J., and James A. Cappa. “OF-02-14 Evaluation of Mineral Fuel Potential of Washington County State Mineral Lands Administered by the Colorado State Land Board.” Mineral and Mineral Fuel. Open File Report. Denver, CO: Colorado Geological Survey, Division of Minerals and Geology, Department of Natural Resources, 2002. https://doi.org/10.58783/cgs.of0214.hehc7611. CGS Publications. https://coloradogeologicalsurvey.org/publications/evaluation-mineral-fuel-potential-washington-cslb. Voynick, Stephen M. MI-86 Colorado Gold, From the Pike’s Peak Rush to the Present. 2nd ed. Missoula, MT: Mountain Press, 2002. Widmann, Beth L., Matthew L. Morgan, Paul J. Bartos, Kenneth C. Shaver, Francisco Gutiérrez, and Andrew Lockman. “OF-02-03 Geologic Map of the Keystone Quadrangle, Summit County, Colorado.” Geologic, 1:24,000. Open File Reports. Denver, CO: Colorado Geological Survey, Division of Minerals and Geology, Department of Natural Resources, 2002. https://doi.org/10.58783/cgs.of0203.mmem1785. CGS Publications. https://coloradogeologicalsurvey.org/publications/geologic-map-keystone-quadrangle-summit-colorado. Cappa, James A., Nicole V. Koenig, and Rachel E. Garrison. “OF-01-21 Evaluation of Mineral and Mineral Fuel Potential of Larimer County State Mineral Lands Administered by the Colorado State Land Board.” Mineral and Mineral Fuel. Open File Report. Denver, CO: Colorado Geological Survey, Division of Minerals and Geology, Department of Natural Resources, December 2001. https://doi.org/10.58783/cgs.of0121.jtto7622. CGS Publications. https://coloradogeologicalsurvey.org/publications/evaluation-mineral-fuel-potential-larimer-cslb. Koenig, Nicole V., L. Alex Scarbrough, Jr., Harry Terbest, and Rachel E. Garrison. “OF-01-19 Evaluation of Mineral and Mineral Fuel Potential of Prowers County State Mineral Lands Administered by the Colorado State Land Board.” Mineral and Mineral Fuel. Open File Report. Denver, CO: Colorado Geological Survey, Division of Minerals and Geology, Department of Natural Resources, October 2001. https://doi.org/10.58783/cgs.of0119.mspn6558. CGS Publications. https://coloradogeologicalsurvey.org/publications/evaluation-mineral-fuel-potential-prowers-cslb. Keller, John W., and Harry Terbest. “OF-01-10 Evaluation of Mineral and Mineral Fuel Potential of Custer and Huerfano Counties State Mineral Lands Administered by the Colorado State Land Board.” Mineral and Mineral Fuel. Open File Report. Denver, CO: Colorado Geological Survey, Division of Minerals and Geology, Department of Natural Resources, September 2001. https://doi.org/10.58783/cgs.of0110.hxhq3063. CGS Publications. https://coloradogeologicalsurvey.org/publications/evaluation-mineral-fuel-potential-huerfano-custer-cslb. Widmann, Beth L., Laura Wray, and Rachel E. Garrison. “OF-01-18 Evaluation of Mineral and Mineral Fuel Potential of Montezuma and Dolores Counties State Mineral Lands Administered by the Colorado State Land Board.” Mineral and Mineral Fuel. Open File Report. Denver, CO: Colorado Geological Survey, Division of Minerals and Geology, Department of Natural Resources, August 2001. https://doi.org/10.58783/cgs.of0118.cqmq7467. CGS Publications. https://coloradogeologicalsurvey.org/publications/evaluation-mineral-fuel-potential-montezuma-dolores-cslb. Cappa, James A., Nicole V. Koenig, and Rachel Coursey. “OF-01-15 Evaluation of Mineral and Mineral Fuel Potential of Jackson County State Mineral Lands Administered by the Colorado State Land Board.” Mineral and Mineral Fuel. Open File Report. Denver, CO: Colorado Geological Survey, Division of Minerals and Geology, Department of Natural Resources, July 2001. https://doi.org/10.58783/cgs.of0115.wmnx4697. CGS Publications. https://coloradogeologicalsurvey.org/publications/evaluation-mineral-fuel-potential-jackson-cslb. Colorado Geological Survey. “RockTalk V04N3, July 2001 – Molybdenum in Colorado.” RockTalk, July 2001. https://doi.org/10.58783/cgs.rt0403.vmxj8157. CGS Publications. https://coloradogeologicalsurvey.org/publications/rocktalk-molybdeum-colorado/. Hemborg, H. Thomas, Harry Terbest, L. Alex Scarbrough, Jr., Laura Wray, and Rachel Coursey. “OF-01-07 Evaluation of Mineral and Mineral Fuel Potential of Cheyenne County State Mineral Lands Administered by the Colorado State Land Board.” Mineral and Mineral Fuel. Open File Report. Denver, CO: Colorado Geological Survey, Division of Minerals and Geology, Department of Natural Resources, May 2001. https://doi.org/10.58783/cgs.of0107.zkfz9183. CGS Publications. https://coloradogeologicalsurvey.org/publications/evaluation-mineral-fuel-potential-cheyenne-cslb. Colorado Geological Survey. “RockTalk V04N2, April 2001 – Mining and the Environment.” RockTalk, April 2001. https://doi.org/10.58783/cgs.rt0402.vlzz6942. CGS Publications. https://coloradogeologicalsurvey.org/publications/rocktalk-mining-environment/. Wray, Laura, John W. Keller, Harry TerBest, L. Alex Scarbrough, Jr., and Rachel Coursey. “OF-01-09 Evaluation of Mineral and Mineral Fuel Potential of Kiowa County State Mineral Lands Administered by the Colorado State Land Board.” Mineral and Mineral Fuel. Open File Report. Denver, CO: Colorado Geological Survey, Division of Minerals and Geology, Department of Natural Resources, April 2001. https://doi.org/10.58783/cgs.of0109.scre7088. CGS Publications. https://coloradogeologicalsurvey.org/publications/evaluation-mineral-fuel-potential-kiowa-cslb. Cappa, James A., H. Thomas Hemborg, and Rachel Coursey. “OF-01-06 Evaluation of Mineral and Mineral Fuel Potential of Grand and Summit Counties State Mineral Lands Administered by the Colorado State Land Board.” Mineral and Mineral Fuel. Open File Report. Denver, CO: Colorado Geological Survey, Division of Minerals and Geology, Department of Natural Resources, January 2001. https://doi.org/10.58783/cgs.of0106.gama8531. CGS Publications. https://coloradogeologicalsurvey.org/publications/evaluation-mineral-fuel-potential-grand-summit-cslb. Carroll, Christopher J., James A. Cappa, John W. Keller, Beth Widmann, L. L. Wray, and Thomas J. Hyde. “IS-63 Colorado Mineral and Mineral Fuel Activity, 2001.” Mineral and Mineral Fuel. Information Series. Denver, CO: Colorado Geological Survey, Division of Minerals and Geology, Department of Natural Resources, 2001. https://doi.org/10.58783/cgs.is63.kmnl1923. CGS Publications. https://coloradogeologicalsurvey.org/publications/colorado-minerals-fuel-activity-2001. Keller, John W., and Harry TerBest. “OF-01-20 Evaluation of Mineral and Mineral Fuel Potential of Archuleta, Hinsdale, La Plata, Mineral and San Juan Counties State Mineral Lands Administered by the Colorado State Land Board.” Mineral and Mineral Fuel. Open File Report. Denver, CO: Colorado Geological Survey, Division of Minerals and Geology, Department of Natural Resources, 2001. https://doi.org/10.58783/cgs.of0120.qdcg7236. CGS Publications. https://coloradogeologicalsurvey.org/publications/evaluation-mineral-fuel-potential-archuleta-hinsdale-la-plata-mineral-san-juan-cslb. Neubert, John T., and Robert H. Wood II. “OF-01-13 History, Geology, and Environmental Setting of Selected Mines in the Chalk Creek Mining District, Pike/San Isabel National Forest, Chaffee County, Colorado.” Mine Site History. Open File Report. Denver, CO: Colorado Geological Survey, Division of Minerals and Geology, Department of Natural Resources, 2001. https://doi.org/10.58783/cgs.of0113.lfcq4714. CGS Publications. https://coloradogeologicalsurvey.org/publications/history-geology-environment-chalk-creek-mining-district-chaffee-colorado. ———. “OF-01-14 History, Geology, and Environmental Setting of the Griffin and Wilkesbarre Mines, Pike/San Isabel National Forest, Lake County, Colorado.” Mine Site History. Open File Report. Denver, CO: Colorado Geological Survey, Division of Minerals and Geology, Department of Natural Resources, 2001. https://doi.org/10.58783/cgs.of0114.jqev7981. CGS Publications. https://coloradogeologicalsurvey.org/publications/history-geology-environment-griffin-wilkesbarre-mines-lake-colorado. Neubert, John, and Robert H. Wood II. “OF-02-13 History, Geology, And Environmental Setting of Selected Mines Near Ophir, Uncompahgre National Forest, San Miguel County, Colorado.” Geology and Environment. Open File Reports. Denver, CO: Colorado Geological Survey, Division of Minerals and Geology, Department of Natural Resources, 2001. https://doi.org/10.58783/cgs.of0213.yxsq5919. CGS Publications. https://coloradogeologicalsurvey.org/publications/history-geology-environment-mines-ophir-uncompahgre-national-forest-san-miguel-colorado. Scarbrough, Jr., L. Alex. “RS-40 Geology and Mineral Resources of Park County, Colorado.” Geology and Mineral Resources. Resource Series. Denver, CO: Colorado Geological Survey, Division of Minerals and Geology, Department of Natural Resources, 2001. https://doi.org/10.58783/cgs.rs40.mitw1961. CGS Publications. https://coloradogeologicalsurvey.org/publications/geology-mineral-resources-park-colorado/. Wood II, Robert H., and John T. Neubert. “OF-01-11 History, Geology, And Environmental Setting of the Tweed Mine, Pike/San Isabel National Forest, Chaffee County, Colorado.” Mine Site History. Open File Report. Denver, CO: Colorado Geological Survey, Division of Minerals and Geology, Department of Natural Resources, 2001. https://doi.org/10.58783/cgs.of0111.leze4063. CGS Publications. https://coloradogeologicalsurvey.org/publications/history-geology-environment-tweed-mine-pike-san-isabel-national-forest-chaffee-colorado. ———. “OF-01-12 History, Geology, And Environmental Setting of the Lienhart Mine, Pike/San Isabel National Forest, Chaffee County, Colorado.” Mine Site History. Open File Report. Denver, CO: Colorado Geological Survey, Division of Minerals and Geology, Department of Natural Resources, 2001. https://doi.org/10.58783/cgs.of0112.bucf7210. CGS Publications. https://coloradogeologicalsurvey.org/publications/history-geology-environmental-setting-lienhart-mine-pike-san-isabel-national-forest-chaffee. Wray, L. L., Christopher J. Carroll, John W. Keller, and James A. Cappa. “IS-59 Colorado Mineral and Mineral Fuel Activity, 2000.” Mineral and Mineral Fuel. Information Series. Denver, CO: Colorado Geological Survey, Division of Minerals and Geology, Department of Natural Resources, 2001. https://doi.org/10.58783/cgs.is59.lvlf9706. CGS Publications. https://coloradogeologicalsurvey.org/publications/colorado-minerals-fuel-activity-2000. Keller, John W., and Laura Wray. “OF-00-15 Evaluation of Mineral and Mineral Fuel Potential of Alamosa, Conejos, and Rio Grande Counties State Mineral Lands Administered by the Colorado State Land Board.” Mineral and Mineral Fuel. Open File Report. Denver, CO: Colorado Geological Survey, Division of Minerals and Geology, Department of Natural Resources, December 2000. https://doi.org/10.58783/cgs.of0015.dmxt2508. CGS Publications. https://coloradogeologicalsurvey.org/publications/evaluation-mineral-fuel-potential-alamosa-conejos-rio-grande-cslb. Hemborg, H. Thomas, Harry Terbest, L. Alex Scarbrough, Jr., and Rachel Coursey. “OF-00-07 Evaluation of Mineral and Mineral Fuel Potential of Kit Carson County State Mineral Lands Administered by the Colorado State Land Board.” Mineral and Mineral Fuel. Open File Report. Denver, CO: Colorado Geological Survey, Division of Minerals and Geology, Department of Natural Resources, June 2000. https://doi.org/10.58783/cgs.of0007.teng9371. CGS Publications. https://coloradogeologicalsurvey.org/publications/evaluation-mineral-fuel-potential-kit-carson-cslb. Hemborg, H. Thomas, and John W. Keller. “OF-00-14 Preliminary Evaluation of Mineral and Mineral Fuel Potential of the 68 Tracts of State Trust Land Nominated by the Public for Inclusion in the Stewardship Trust (Round 2).” Mineral and Mineral Fuel. Open File Report. Denver, CO: Colorado Geological Survey, Division of Minerals and Geology, Department of Natural Resources, May 2000. https://doi.org/10.58783/cgs.of0014.nlnw4399. CGS Publications. https://coloradogeologicalsurvey.org/publications/evaluation-mineral-fuel-potential-68-tracts-cslb. Keller, John W., H. Thomas Hemborg, and James A. Cappa. “OF-00-06 Evaluation of Mineral and Mineral Fuel Potential of Chaffee, Gunnison, Lake, and Pitkin Counties State Mineral Lands Administered by the Colorado State Land Board.” Mineral and Mineral Fuel. Open File Report. Denver, CO: Colorado Geological Survey, Division of Minerals and Geology, Department of Natural Resources, March 2000. https://doi.org/10.58783/cgs.of0006.kqln7240. CGS Publications. https://coloradogeologicalsurvey.org/publications/evaluation-mineral-fuel-potential-chaffee-gunnison-lake-pitkin-cslb. Keller, John W., Harry Terbest, H. Thomas Hemborg, and Melissa Crane. “OF-00-05 Evaluation of Mineral and Mineral Fuel Potential of Fremont County State Mineral Lands Administered by the Colorado State Land Board.” Mineral and Mineral Fuel. Open File Report. Denver, CO: Colorado Geological Survey, Division of Minerals and Geology, Department of Natural Resources, January 2000. https://doi.org/10.58783/cgs.of0005.xhbw2880. CGS Publications. https://coloradogeologicalsurvey.org/publications/evaluation-mineral-fuel-potential-fremont-cslb. Cappa, James A., Christopher J. Carroll, and H. Thomas Hemborg. “IS-54 Colorado Mineral and Mineral Fuel Activity, 1999.” Mineral and Mineral Fuel. Information Series. Denver, CO: Colorado Geological Survey, Division of Minerals and Geology, Department of Natural Resources, 2000. https://doi.org/10.58783/cgs.is54.rfoq1650. CGS Publications. https://coloradogeologicalsurvey.org/publications/colorado-minerals-fuel-activity-1999. Cappa, James A., H. Thomas Hemborg, John W. Keller, and Rachel Coursey. “OF-00-19 Evaluation of Mineral and Mineral Fuel Potential of Boulder, Jefferson, Clear Creek, and Gilpin Counties State Mineral Lands Administered by the Colorado State Land Board.” Mineral and Mineral Fuel. Open File Report. Denver, CO: Colorado Geological Survey, Division of Minerals and Geology, Department of Natural Resources, 2000. https://doi.org/10.58783/cgs.of0019.ujjk7005. CGS Publications. https://coloradogeologicalsurvey.org/publications/evaluation-mineral-fuel-potential-boulder-jefferson-clear-creek-gilpin-cslb. Cappa, James A., and John W. Keller. “OF-00-08 Evaluation of Mineral and Mineral Fuel Potential of Teller County State Mineral Lands Administered by the Colorado State Land Board.” Mineral and Mineral Fuel. Open File Report. Denver, CO: Colorado Geological Survey, Division of Minerals and Geology, Department of Natural Resources, 2000. https://doi.org/10.58783/cgs.of0008.tbpk8786. CGS Publications. https://coloradogeologicalsurvey.org/publications/evaluation-mineral-fuel-potential-teller-cslb. Keller, John W., and H. Thomas Hemborg. “OF-00-11 Evaluation of Mineral and Mineral Fuel Potential of Saguache County State Mineral Lands Administered by the Colorado State Land Board.” Mineral and Mineral Fuel. Open File Report. Denver, CO: Colorado Geological Survey, Division of Minerals and Geology, Department of Natural Resources, 2000. https://doi.org/10.58783/cgs.of0011.bwnd1643. CGS Publications. https://coloradogeologicalsurvey.org/publications/evaluation-mineral-fuel-potential-saguache-cslb. Neubert, John, and Robert H. Wood II. “OF-00-10 History, Geology, and Environmental Setting of the Lower Fair Day Mine, Arapaho/Roosevelt National Forest, Boulder County, Colorado.” Geology and Environment. Open File Reports. Denver, CO: Colorado Geological Survey, Division of Minerals and Geology, Department of Natural Resources, 2000. https://doi.org/10.58783/cgs.of0010.zstf7658. CGS Publications. https://coloradogeologicalsurvey.org/publications/history-geology-environment-lower-fair-day-mine-arapaho-roosevelt-national-forest-boulder-colorado. ———. “OF-99-18 History, Geology, and Environmental Setting of Selected Mines near Creede, Rio Grande National Forest, Mineral County, Colorado.” Mining. Open File Reports. Denver, CO: Colorado Geological Survey, Division of Minerals and Geology, Department of Natural Resources, 2000. https://doi.org/10.58783/cgs.of9918.qrbs5054. CGS Publications. https://coloradogeologicalsurvey.org/publications/history-geology-environment-mines-creede-rio-grande-national-forest-mineral-colorado. Scarbrough, Jr., L. Alex, Harry TerBest, and H. Thomas Hemborg. “OF-99-19 Evaluation of Mineral and Mineral Fuel Potential of Yuma County State Mineral Lands Administered by the Colorado State Land Board.” Mineral and Mineral Fuel. Open File Report. Denver, CO: Colorado Geological Survey, Division of Minerals and Geology, Department of Natural Resources, December 1999. https://doi.org/10.58783/cgs.of9919.qtai5457. CGS Publications. https://coloradogeologicalsurvey.org/publications/evaluation-mineral-fuel-potential-yuma-cslb. ———. “OF-99-11 Evaluation of Mineral and Mineral Fuel Potential of NW Moffat County State Mineral Lands Administered by the Colorado State Land Board.” Mineral and Mineral Fuel. Open File Report. Denver, CO: Colorado Geological Survey, Division of Minerals and Geology, Department of Natural Resources, June 1999. https://doi.org/10.58783/cgs.of9911.yyrs2865. CGS Publications. https://coloradogeologicalsurvey.org/publications/evaluation-mineral-fuel-potential-nw-moffat-cslb. ———. “OF-99-12 Evaluation of Mineral and Mineral Fuel Potential of SW Moffat County State Mineral Lands Administered by the Colorado State Land Board.” Mineral and Mineral Fuel. Open File Report. Denver, CO: Colorado Geological Survey, Division of Minerals and Geology, Department of Natural Resources, June 1999. https://doi.org/10.58783/cgs.of9912.jbgu9640. CGS Publications. https://coloradogeologicalsurvey.org/publications/evaluation-mineral-fuel-potential-sw-moffat-cslb. TerBest, Harry, and H. Thomas Hemborg. “OF-99-08 Evaluation of Mineral and Mineral Fuel Potential of Sedgwick County State Mineral Lands Administered by the Colorado State Land Board.” Mineral and Mineral Fuel. Open File Report. Denver, CO: Colorado Geological Survey, Division of Minerals and Geology, Department of Natural Resources, February 1999. https://doi.org/10.58783/cgs.of9908.tpvy2991. CGS Publications. https://coloradogeologicalsurvey.org/publications/evaluation-mineral-fuel-potential-sedgwick-cslb. Terbest, Harry, and H. Thomas Hemborg. “OF-99-01 Evaluation of Mineral and Mineral Fuel Potential of Phillips County State Mineral Lands Administered by the Colorado State Land Board.” Mineral and Mineral Fuel. Open File Report. Denver, CO: Colorado Geological Survey, Division of Minerals and Geology, Department of Natural Resources, January 1999. https://doi.org/10.58783/cgs.of9901.ljwe8992. CGS Publications. https://coloradogeologicalsurvey.org/publications/evaluation-mineral-fuel-potential-phillips-cslb. Cappa, James A., Christopher J. Carroll, and H. Thomas Hemborg. “IS-52 Colorado Mineral and Mineral Fuel Activity, 1998.” Mineral and Mineral Fuel. Information Series. Denver, CO: Colorado Geological Survey, Department of Natural Resources, 1999. https://doi.org/10.58783/cgs.is52.oubj6441. CGS Publications. https://coloradogeologicalsurvey.org/publications/colorado-minerals-fuel-activity-1998. Cappa, James A., L. Alex Scarbrough, Jr., Harry TerBest, and H. Thomas Hemborg. “OF-99-15 Evaluation of Mineral and Mineral Fuel Potential of Park County State Mineral Lands Administered by the Colorado State Land Board.” Mineral and Mineral Fuel. Open File Report. Denver, CO: Colorado Geological Survey, Division of Minerals and Geology, Department of Natural Resources, 1999. https://doi.org/10.58783/cgs.of9915.epxd1371. CGS Publications. https://coloradogeologicalsurvey.org/publications/evaluation-mineral-fuel-potential-park-cslb. Hudson, Travis, Frederick D. Fox, and Geoffrey S. Plumlee. MI-68 Metal Mining and the Environment. AGI Environmental Awareness Series 3. Alexandria, VA: American Geological Institute, 1999. Kappele, William A, and W. R. C. Shedenhelm. MI-52 Rockhounding Colorado. Helena, MT: Falcon Pub., 1999. Scarbrough, Jr., L. Alex, Harry TerBest, and H. Thomas Hemborg. “OF-99-16 Evaluation of Mineral and Mineral Fuel Potential of NE Moffat County State Mineral Lands Administered by the Colorado State Land Board.” Mineral and Mineral Fuel. Open File Report. Denver, CO: Colorado Geological Survey, Division of Minerals and Geology, Department of Natural Resources, 1999. https://doi.org/10.58783/cgs.of9916.pzwv7054. CGS Publications. https://coloradogeologicalsurvey.org/publications/evaluation-mineral-fuel-potential-ne-moffat-cslb. ———. “OF-99-17 Evaluation of Mineral and Mineral Fuel Potential of SE Moffat County State Mineral Lands Administered by the Colorado State Land Board.” Mineral and Mineral Fuel. Open File Report. Denver, CO: Colorado Geological Survey, Division of Minerals and Geology, Department of Natural Resources, 1999. https://doi.org/10.58783/cgs.of9917.wnpw8339. CGS Publications. https://coloradogeologicalsurvey.org/publications/evaluation-mineral-fuel-potential-se-moffat-cslb. Streufert, Randall K., Wynn Eakins, H. Thomas Hemborg, and Matthew L. Morgan. “RS-37 Geology and Mineral Resources of Gunnison County.” Geology and Mineral Resources. Resource Series. Denver, CO: Colorado Geological Survey, Division of Minerals and Geology, Department of Natural Resources, 1999. https://doi.org/10.58783/cgs.rs37.xdoz4005. CGS Publications. https://coloradogeologicalsurvey.org/publications/geology-mineral-resources-gunnison-colorado/. Cappa, James A., Wynn Eakins, and H. Thomas Hemborg. “IS-44 Colorado Mineral and Mineral Fuel Activity, 1997.” Mineral and Mineral Fuel. Information Series. Denver, CO: Colorado Geological Survey, Department of Natural Resources, 1998. https://doi.org/10.58783/cgs.is44.ldyf9240. CGS Publications. https://coloradogeologicalsurvey.org/publications/colorado-minerals-fuel-activity-1997. Hemborg, H. Thomas, and Harry Terbest. “OF-98-06 Preliminary Evaluation of Mineral and Mineral Fuel Potential of the 130 Tracts of State Trust Land Nominated by the Public for Inclusion in the Stewardship Trust (Round 1).” Mineral and Mineral Fuel. Open File Report. Denver, CO: Colorado Geological Survey, Division of Minerals and Geology, Department of Natural Resources, 1998. https://doi.org/10.58783/cgs.of9806.uwmt5401. CGS Publications. https://coloradogeologicalsurvey.org/publications/preliminary-evaluation-mineral-fuel-potential-cslb. Lawson, Allison D. “IS-45 Active Permitted Mine Operations in Colorado, 1996-97.” Mining. Information Series. Denver, CO: Colorado Geological Survey, Department of Natural Resources, 1998. https://doi.org/10.58783/cgs.is45.tmxx4183. CGS Publications. https://coloradogeologicalsurvey.org/publications/active-permitted-mine-operations-colorado-1997. Cappa, James A., Carol M. Tremain, and H. Thomas Hemborg. “IS-42 Colorado Mineral and Mineral Fuel Activity, 1996.” Mineral and Mineral Fuel. Information Series. Denver, CO: Colorado Geological Survey, Department of Natural Resources, 1997. https://doi.org/10.58783/cgs.is42.ozmb4209. CGS Publications. https://coloradogeologicalsurvey.org/publications/colorado-minerals-fuel-activity-1996. Cappa, James A., and Carol M. Tremain. “IS-40 Colorado Mineral and Mineral Fuel Activity, 1995.” Mineral and Mineral Fuel. Information Series. Denver, CO: Colorado Geological Survey, Division of Minerals and Geology, Department of Natural Resources, 1996. https://doi.org/10.58783/cgs.is40.safa6400. CGS Publications. https://coloradogeologicalsurvey.org/publications/colorado-minerals-fuel-activity-1995. Hemborg, H. Thomas. “IS-41 Active Permitted Mine Operations in Colorado, 1995-96.” Mining. Information Series. Denver, CO: Colorado Geological Survey, Department of Natural Resources, 1996. https://doi.org/10.58783/cgs.is41.xnru3971. CGS Publications. https://coloradogeologicalsurvey.org/publications/active-permitted-mine-operations-colorado-1995-96. Henry, Thomas W., Emmett Evanoff, Daniel Grenard, Herbert W. Meyer, and Jeffrey A. Pontius. “OF-96-04-24 Geology of the Gold Belt Backcountry Byway, South Central Colorado.” Fieldtrip. Open File Report. Denver, CO: Colorado Geological Survey, Division of Minerals and Geology, Department of Natural Resources, 1996. https://doi.org/10.58783/cgs.of960424.zugt2401. CGS Publications. https://coloradogeologicalsurvey.org/publications/geology-gold-belt-byway-south-central-colorado. Sims, Paul K., Warren C. Day, George L. Snyder, and Anna B. Wilson. “OF-96-04-26 Precambrian Tectonics and Metallogeny of the Hartville Uplift, Wyoming.” Fieldtrip. Open File Report. Denver, CO: Colorado Geological Survey, Division of Minerals and Geology, Department of Natural Resources, 1996. https://doi.org/10.58783/cgs.of960426.kybo3480. CGS Publications. https://coloradogeologicalsurvey.org/publications/precambrian-tectonics-metallogeny-hartville-uplift-wyoming. Cappa, James A., and Carol M. Tremain. “IS-39 Colorado Mineral and Mineral Fuel Activity, 1994.” Mineral and Mineral Fuel. Information Series. Denver, CO: Colorado Geological Survey, Division of Minerals and Geology, Department of Natural Resources, 1995. https://doi.org/10.58783/cgs.is39.sekn4937. CGS Publications. https://coloradogeologicalsurvey.org/publications/colorado-minerals-fuel-activity-1994. Plumlee, Geoffrey S., Randall K. Streufert, Kathleen S. Smith, Alan R. Wallace, Margo I. Toth, J. Thomas Nash, Rob Robinson, Walter H. Ficklin, and Gregory K. Lee. “MS-29 Map Showing Potential Metal-Mine Drainage Hazards in Colorado, Based on Mineral-Deposit Geology.” Metal-Mine Drainage Hazards, 1:750,000. Map Series. Denver, CO: U.S. Geological Survey, 1995. https://doi.org/10.58783/cgs.ms29.jkjx7665. CGS Publications. https://coloradogeologicalsurvey.org/publications/map-potential-metal-mine-drainage-hazards-colorado-mineral-deposit-geology. Streufert, Randall K., and James A. Cappa. “MS-28 Location Map and Descriptions of Metal Occurrences in Colorado with Notes on Economic Potential.” Metal, 1:500,000. Map Series. Denver, CO: Colorado Geological Survey, Division of Minerals and Geology, Department of Natural Resources, 1994. https://doi.org/10.58783/cgs.ms28.zlsn9417. CGS Publications. https://coloradogeologicalsurvey.org/publications/location-map-descriptions-metal-occurrences-colorado-economic-potential. Voynick, Stephen M. MI-45 Colorado Rockhounding: A Guide to Minerals, Gemstones, and Fossils. Missoula, MT: Mountain Press Publishing Company, 1994. American Geological Institute. “IS-30 Bibliography and Index of Colorado Geology, 1984-1989.” Bibliography. Information Series. Denver, CO: Colorado Geological Survey, Department of Natural Resources, 1990. https://doi.org/10.58783/cgs.is30.kjtp1531. CGS Publications. https://coloradogeologicalsurvey.org/publications/bibliography-index-colorado-geology-1984-1989. Streufert, Randall K., and Jane P. Ohl. “MS-25 Colorado Metal Mining Activity Map with Directory.” Metal Mining Activity, 1:500,000. Map Series. Denver, CO: Colorado Geological Survey, Department of Natural Resources, 1989. https://doi.org/10.58783/cgs.ms25.ygmr1422. CGS Publications. https://coloradogeologicalsurvey.org/publications/metal-mining-activity-map-colorado-directory-1989. American Geological Institute. “IS-21 Bibliography and Index of Colorado Geology 1983.” Bibliography. Information Series. Denver, CO: Colorado Geological Survey, Department of Natural Resources, 1987. https://doi.org/10.58783/cgs.is21.ujoz4258. CGS Publications. https://coloradogeologicalsurvey.org/publications/bibliography-colorado-geology-1983. McKinney, Lee. MI-37 Colorado Gems & Minerals: A Guide to Colorado’s Native Gemstones. Frederick, CO: Renaissance House, 1987. Nelson-Moore, James L. “OF-85-05 Metal Industry in Colorado: Forecasts to the Year 2002.” Metal Industry. Open File Report. Denver. CO: Colorado Geological Survey, Department of Natural Resources, 1985. https://doi.org/10.58783/cgs.of8505.hqwu7595. CGS Publications. https://coloradogeologicalsurvey.org/publications/metal-industry-forecasts-colorado-2002. Schwochow, Stephen D., and A. L. Hornbaker. “IS-17 Geology and Resource Potential of Strategic Minerals in Colorado.” Strategic Minerals. Information Series. Denver, CO: Colorado Geological Survey, Department of Natural Resources, 1985. https://doi.org/10.58783/cgs.is17.fivk4664. CGS Publications. https://coloradogeologicalsurvey.org/publications/geology-resource-potential-strategic-minerals-colorado. Hornbaker, A. L. “MS-24 Metal Mining Activity Map of Colorado and Directory, 1984.” Metal Mining Activity, 1:500,000. Map Series. Denver, CO: Colorado Geological Survey, Department of Natural Resources, 1984. https://doi.org/10.58783/cgs.ms24.bzsm6014. CGS Publications. https://coloradogeologicalsurvey.org/publications/metal-mining-activity-map-colorado-directory-1984. American Geological Institute. “Bulletin 45 – Bibliography and Index of Colorado Geology 1975-1980.” Bibliography. Bulletin. Denver, CO: Colorado Geological Survey, Department of Natural Resources, 1983. https://doi.org/10.58783/cgs.b45.vfhx8784. CGS Publications. https://coloradogeologicalsurvey.org/publications/colorado-geology-bibliography-index-1975-1980. ———. “IS-19 Bibliography and Index of Colorado Geology 1981-1982.” Bibliography. Information Series. Denver, CO: Colorado Geological Survey, Department of Natural Resources, 1983. https://doi.org/10.58783/cgs.is19.ivkr2441. CGS Publications. https://coloradogeologicalsurvey.org/publications/bibliography-colorado-geology-1981-1982. Heinrich, E. W. “RS-21 Precambrian Tungsten and Copper-Zinc Skarn Deposits of South-Central Colorado.” Mineral Resources. Resource Series. Denver, CO: Colorado Geological Survey, Department of Natural Resources, 1981. https://doi.org/10.58783/cgs.rs21.sgxa7618. CGS Publications. https://coloradogeologicalsurvey.org/publications/precambrian-tungsten-copper-zinc-skarn-deposits-south-central-colorado. Schwochow, Stephen D. “MS-17 Inventory of Nonmetallic Mining and Processing Operations in Colorado.” Mining, variable. Map Series. Denver, CO: Colorado Geological Survey, Department of Natural Resources, 1981. https://doi.org/10.58783/cgs.ms17.aytd4749. CGS Publications. https://coloradogeologicalsurvey.org/publications/nonmetallic-mining-processing-operations-colorado. Kirkham, Robert M., William O’Leary, and James W. Warner. “IS-12 Hydrogeologic and Stratigraphic Data Pertinent to Uranium Mining, Cheyenne Basin, Colorado.” Information Series. Denver, CO: Colorado Geological Survey, Department of Natural Resources, 1980. https://doi.org/10.58783/cgs.is12.qvcw3928. CGS Publications. https://coloradogeologicalsurvey.org/publications/hydrogeologic-stratigraphic-data-uranium-mining-cheyenne-basin-colorado. Simmons, William B., and E. W. Heinrich. “RS-11 Rare-Earth Pegmatites of the South Platte District, Colorado.” Rare-Earth. Resource Series. Denver, CO: Colorado Geological Survey, Department of Natural Resources, 1980. https://doi.org/10.58783/cgs.rs11.guhr1602. CGS Publications. https://coloradogeologicalsurvey.org/publications/rare-earth-pegmatites-south-platte-district-colorado. Kirkham, Robert M. “EG-11 Promises and Problems of a ‘New’ Uranium Mining Method: In Situ Solution Mining.” Uranium mining. Environmental Geology. Denver, CO: Colorado Geological Survey, Department of Natural Resources, 1979. https://doi.org/10.58783/cgs.eg11.kcmn5795. CGS Publications. https://coloradogeologicalsurvey.org/publications/promises-problems-uranium-mining-method-in-situ-solution. Collier, James D., A. L. Hornbaker, and William L. Chenoweth. “MS-11 Directory of Colorado Uranium and Vanadium Mining and Milling Activities.” Uranium and Vanadium Mining, 1:500,000. Map Series. Denver, CO: Colorado Geological Survey, Department of Natural Resources, 1978. https://doi.org/10.58783/cgs.ms11.lged9989. CGS Publications. https://coloradogeologicalsurvey.org/publications/uranium-vanadium-mining-milling-map-colorado. Hornbaker, A. L. “MS-10 Metal Mining Activity Map of Colorado (Excluding Uranium and Vanadium).” Metal Mining Activity, 1:500,000. Map Series. Denver, CO: Colorado Geological Survey, Department of Natural Resources, 1978. https://doi.org/10.58783/cgs.ms10.kfnz9945. CGS Publications. https://coloradogeologicalsurvey.org/publications/metal-mining-map-uranium-vanadium-colorado-1978. Nelson-Moore, James L., Donna Bishop Collins, and A. L. Hornbaker. “Bulletin 40 – Radioactive Mineral Occurrences of Colorado (and Bibliography).” Radioactive Minerals. Bulletin. Denver, CO: Colorado Geological Survey, Department of Natural Resources, 1978. https://doi.org/10.58783/cgs.b40.yzqh7535. CGS Publications. https://coloradogeologicalsurvey.org/publications/bibliography-radioactive-minerals-colorado. Schwochow, Stephen D. “RS-02 Mineral Resources Survey of Mesa County — A Model Study.” Mineral Resources. Resource Series. Denver, CO: Colorado Geological Survey, Department of Natural Resources, 1978. https://doi.org/10.58783/cgs.rs02.jfad4032. CGS Publications. https://coloradogeologicalsurvey.org/publications/mineral-resources-survey-mesa-county-colorado. Starch, Karl E. “MI-15 Minerals in the Economy of Colorado.” Mineral Resources. Miscellaneous Investigations. Denver, CO: Colorado Division of Mines, Department of Natural Resources, 1978. https://doi.org/10.58783/cgs.mi15.gzha3145. CGS Publications. https://coloradogeologicalsurvey.org/publications/mineral-economy-colorado. Miller, Allan E. “MS-03 Geology of Moffat County, Colorado.” Geologic, 1:126,720. Map Series. Denver, CO: Colorado Geological Survey, Department of Natural Resources, 1977. https://doi.org/10.58783/cgs.ms03.jgml4720. CGS Publications. https://coloradogeologicalsurvey.org/publications/geologic-map-moffat-colorado. Myers, D. A., J. A. Sharps, D. Keith Murray, D. C. Jones, and Richard H. Pearl. “MI-13 Energy Resources Map of Colorado.” Energy Resources. Miscellaneous Investigations. Denver, CO: Colorado Geological Survey, Department of Natural Resources and the US Geological Survey, 1977. https://doi.org/10.58783/cgs.mi13.iwvy4314. CGS Publications. https://coloradogeologicalsurvey.org/publications/energy-resources-colorado. American Geological Institute. “Bulletin 37 – Bibliography and Index of Colorado Geology 1875 to 1975.” Bibliography. Bulletin. Denver, CO: Colorado Geological Survey, Department of Natural Resources, 1976. https://doi.org/10.58783/cgs.b37.sojg1640. CGS Publications. https://coloradogeologicalsurvey.org/publications/bibliography-colorado-geology-1875-1975. Miller, Allan E., and William A. Bowes. “MS-01 Geologic, Energy and Mineral Resource Maps of Routt County, Colorado.” Geology and Energy / Mineral Resources, 1:126,720. Map Series. Denver, CO: Colorado Geological Survey, Department of Natural Resources, 1975. https://doi.org/10.58783/cgs.ms01.qpll5819. CGS Publications. https://coloradogeologicalsurvey.org/publications/geologic-energy-mineral-resource-routt-colorado. Schwochow, S. D. “OF-75-04 Mineral Resources and Mining Potential in the Idaho Springs Vicinity, Clear Creek County, Colorado.” Resources. Open File Report. Denver, CO: Colorado Geological Survey, Department of Natural Resources, 1975. https://doi.org/10.58783/cgs.of7504.fmat9815. CGS Publications. https://coloradogeologicalsurvey.org/publications/mineral-resources-mining-potential-idaho-springs-clear-creek-colorado. Colorado Geological Survey. “OF-73-01 Geology and Mineral Resources of LAVCOG Planning District 6: Surficial Deposits; Groundwater Resources; Oil & Gas Fields and Major Geologic Features; and Mineral Resources.” Mineral Resources. Open File Reports. Denver, CO: Colorado Geological Survey, Department of Natural Resources, 1973. https://doi.org/10.58783/cgs.of7301.psde4412. CGS Publications. https://coloradogeologicalsurvey.org/publications/geology-mineral-resources-planning-district-6. O. W. Walvoord, Inc. “MI-06 Chemical Refining Study of Base and Precious Metal Ore in Colorado.” Metal Ores. Miscellaneous Investigations. Denver, CO: State of Colorado, Mining Industrial Development Board, June 1965. https://doi.org/10.58783/cgs.mi06.nckt5059. CGS Publications. https://coloradogeologicalsurvey.org/publications/chemical-refining-precious-metal-ore-colorado. Fischer, R. P. “MI-07 Mineral and Water Resources of Colorado.” Mineral and Water Resources. Miscellaneous Investigations. Washington, D.C.: Colorado Mining Industrial Development Board, October 1963. https://doi.org/10.58783/cgs.mi07.wwmv7321. CGS Publications. https://coloradogeologicalsurvey.org/publications/mineral-water-resources-colorado. Del Rio, S. M. “MI-03 Mineral Resources of Colorado First Sequel.” Mineral Resources. Miscellaneous Investigations. Denver, CO: State of Colorado Mineral Resources Board, 1960. https://doi.org/10.58783/cgs.mi03.nxat6769. CGS Publications. https://coloradogeologicalsurvey.org/publications/mineral-resources-colorado-2. Vanderwilt, John W., W. S. Burbank, and W. M. Traver Jr. “MI-01 Mineral Resources of Colorado.” Mineral Resources. Miscellaneous Investigations. Denver, CO: State of Colorado Mineral Resources Board, 1947. https://doi.org/10.58783/cgs.mi01.vhqh1869. CGS Publications. https://coloradogeologicalsurvey.org/publications/mineral-resources-colorado. Goddard, Edwin Newell. “Preliminary Report on the Gold Hill Mining District, Boulder County, Colorado.” In Colorado Scientific Society Proceeding, 14:82–101. Proceedings. Denver, CO: Colorado Scientific Society, 1940. George, Russell D. GEO-1927-01 Geology and Natural Resources of Colorado. Vol. 1. 5 vols. University of Colorado Semicentennial Series 1877-1927. Boulder, CO: University of Colorado, 1927. Muilenburg, Garrett A. “Bulletin 31 – Geology of the Tarryall District, Park County, Colorado.” Geology. Bulletin. Boulder, CO: Colorado Geological Survey, May 1925. https://doi.org/10.58783/cgs.b31.mkbg4759. CGS Publications. https://coloradogeologicalsurvey.org/publications/geology-tarryall-district-park-colorado. Crawford, R. D., and Russell Gibson. “Bulletin 30 – Geology and Ore Deposits of the Red Cliff District Colorado.” Geology. Bulletin. Boulder, CO: Colorado Geological Survey, 1925. https://doi.org/10.58783/cgs.b30.gqtv9216. CGS Publications. https://coloradogeologicalsurvey.org/publications/geology-ore-deposits-red-cliff-district-colorado. Aurand, Harry A. “Bulletin 22 – Mineral Deposits of the Western Slope.” Mineral Resources. Bulletin. Boulder, CO: Colorado Geological Survey, 1920. https://doi.org/10.58783/cgs.b22.oozi5137. CGS Publications. https://coloradogeologicalsurvey.org/publications/mineral-deposits-western-slope. Worcester, P. G. “Bulletin 21 – The Geology of the Ward Region Boulder County.” Geology. Bulletin. Boulder, CO: Colorado Geological Survey, 1920. https://doi.org/10.58783/cgs.b21.baqr8922. CGS Publications. https://coloradogeologicalsurvey.org/publications/geology-ward-region-boulder. Muilenburg, G. A. “Bulletin 15 – Manganese Deposits of Colorado.” Bulletin. Boulder, CO: Colorado Geological Survey, 1919. https://doi.org/10.58783/cgs.b15.elyq8268. CGS Publications. https://coloradogeologicalsurvey.org/publications/manganese-deposits-colorado. Worcester, P. G. “Bulletin 14 – Molybdenum Deposits of Colorado.” Mineral Resources. Bulletin. Boulder, CO: Colorado Geological Survey, 1918. https://doi.org/10.58783/cgs.b14.bjwb4148. CGS Publications. https://coloradogeologicalsurvey.org/publications/molybdenum-deposits-colorado. George, R. D. “Bulletin 12 – Common Minerals and Rocks – Their Occurrence and Uses.” Mineralogical. Bulletin. Boulder, CO: Colorado Geological Survey, 1917. https://doi.org/10.58783/cgs.b12.hntl2601. CGS Publications. https://coloradogeologicalsurvey.org/publications/common-minerals-rocks-occurrence-uses-1917. Patton, Horace B. “Bulletin 13 – Geology and Ore Deposits of the Platoro-Summitville Mining District.” Geology and Mineral Resources. Bulletin. Boulder, CO: Colorado Geological Survey, 1917. https://doi.org/10.58783/cgs.b13.hpzm9856. CGS Publications. https://coloradogeologicalsurvey.org/publications/geology-ore-deposits-platoro-summitville-mining-district. Crawford, R. D., and P. G. Worcester. “Bulletin 10 – Geology and Ore Deposits of the Gold Brick District, Colorado.” Geologic. Bulletin. Boulder, CO: Colorado Geological Survey, 1916. https://doi.org/10.58783/cgs.b10.smuw2972. CGS Publications. https://coloradogeologicalsurvey.org/publications/geology-ore-deposits-gold-brick-district-colorado/. Patton, Horace B. “Bulletin 09 – Geology of Ore Deposits of the Bonanza District, Saguache County, Colorado.” Geologic. Bulletin. Boulder, CO: Colorado State Geological Survey, 1915. https://doi.org/10.58783/cgs.b09.vtso7767. CGS Publications. https://coloradogeologicalsurvey.org/publications/geology-ore-deposits-bonanza-district-saguache/. Jones, Olive M. “Bulletin 07 – Bibliography of Colorado Geology and Mining with Subject Index, From Earliest Explorations to 1912.” Bibliography. Bulletin. Boulder, CO: Colorado State Geological Survey, 1914. https://doi.org/10.58783/cgs.b07.pjam8067. CGS Publications. https://coloradogeologicalsurvey.org/publications/bibliography-colorado-geology-mining/. Crawford, R. D. “Bulletin 04 – Geology and Ore Deposits of the Monarch and Tomichi Districts.” Bulletin. Boulder, CO: Colorado State Geological Survey, 1913. https://doi.org/10.58783/cgs.b04.rhlc3567. CGS Publications. https://coloradogeologicalsurvey.org/publications/geology-ore-deposits-monarch-tomichi-districts/. George, R. D. “Bulletin 06 – Common Minerals and Rocks, Their Occurrence and Uses.” Mineral Resources. Bulletin. Boulder, CO: Colorado State Geological Survey, 1913. https://doi.org/10.58783/cgs.b06.btiv3956. CGS Publications. https://coloradogeologicalsurvey.org/publications/common-minerals-rocks-occurrence-uses-1913. Grout, F. F., P. G. Worcester, Junius Henderson, and R. M. Butters. “Bulletin 05 – Part 1 – Reconnaissance of the Geology of the Rabbit Ears Region, Routt, Grand, and Jackson Counties, Colorado; Part 2 – Permian or ‘Permo-Carboniferous’ of the Eastern Foothills of the Rocky Mountains in Colorado.” Geology. Bulletin. Boulder, CO: Colorado State Geological Survey, 1913. https://doi.org/10.58783/cgs.b05.opgt3971. CGS Publications. https://coloradogeologicalsurvey.org/publications/reconnaissance-geology-rabbit-ears-region-colorado/. George, R. D., Horace B. Patton, Arthur J. Hoskin, and G. Montague Butler. “Bulletin 03 – Geology and Ore Deposits of the Alma District, Park County, Colorado.” Geology and Mineral Resources. Bulletin. Denver, CO: Colorado State Geological Survey, 1912. https://doi.org/10.58783/cgs.b03.jfwd8640. CGS Publications. https://coloradogeologicalsurvey.org/publications/geology-ore-deposits-alma-district-park/. Crawford, R. D. “Bulletin 01 – A Preliminary Report on the Geology of the Monarch Mining District, Chafee Country, Colorado.” Geology and Mineral Resources. Bulletin. Boulder, CO: Colorado State Geological Survey, 1910. https://doi.org/10.58783/cgs.b01.esnc5106. CGS Publications. https://coloradogeologicalsurvey.org/publications/geology-monarch-mining-chaffee/. Patton, Horace B., Charles E. Smith, G. Montague Butler, and Arthur J. Hoskin. “Bulletin 02 – Geology of the Grayback Mining District, Costilla County, Colorado.” Geology and Mineral Resources. Bulletin. Boulder, CO: Colorado State Geological Survey, 1910. https://doi.org/10.58783/cgs.b02.qstp6655. CGS Publications. https://coloradogeologicalsurvey.org/publications/geology-grayback-mining-costilla. George, R. D. “Bulletin 00 – First Report, 1908.” Bulletin. Denver, CO: Colorado Geological Survey, 1909. https://doi.org/10.58783/cgs.b00.vesr7807. CGS Publications. https://coloradogeologicalsurvey.org/publications/first-report-1908/. Emmons, Samuel Franklin. GEO-1886-01 Geology and Mining Industry of Leadville, Colorado with Atlas. Vol. XII. Monographs. Washington, DC: U.S. Geological Survey, 1886. https://coloradogeologicalsurvey.org/publications/geology-mining-leadville-colorado.
Our historic RockTalk publications provide comprehensive overviews of the mining history and geology of gold, molybdenum, and uranium deposits in Colorado. O’Keeffe, Michael K. “IS-85 Colorado Mineral and Energy Industry Activities 2021-2022.” Mineral and Energy Industry. Information Series. Golden, CO: Colorado Geological Survey, March 2023. https://doi.org/10.58783/cgs.is85.jlax9119. CGS Publications. https://coloradogeologicalsurvey.org/publications/colorado-mineral-energy-industry-activities-2022. ———. “IS-84 Colorado Mineral and Energy Industry Activities 2020-2021.” Mineral and Energy Industry. Information Series. Golden, CO: Colorado Geological Survey, September 2022. https://doi.org/10.58783/cgs.is84.vcma9638. CGS Publications. https://coloradogeologicalsurvey.org/publications/colorado-mineral-energy-industry-activities-2021. Anderson, Donna S., and Paul B. Haseman. MI-102 Golden Rocks: The Geology and Mining History of Golden, Colorado. Miscellaneous, MI–102. Golden, CO: Donna Anderson and Paul Haseman, 2021. https://coloradogeologicalsurvey.org/publications/geology-mining-history-golden-colorado/. O’Keeffe, Michael K., and Karen A. Berry. “IS-83 Colorado Mineral and Energy Industry Activities 2019-2020.” Mineral and Energy Industry. Information Series. Golden, CO: Colorado Geological Survey, 2021. https://doi.org/10.58783/cgs.is83.qwgz1250. CGS Publications. https://coloradogeologicalsurvey.org/publications/colorado-mineral-energy-industry-activities-2020. ———. “IS-82 Colorado Mineral and Energy Industry Activities 2018-2019.” Mineral and Energy Industry. Information Series. Golden, CO: Colorado Geological Survey, 2020. https://doi.org/10.58783/cgs.is82.uxtn3836. CGS Publications. https://coloradogeologicalsurvey.org/publications/colorado-mineral-energy-industry-activities-2019. O’Keeffe, Michael K., Alexander I. Peretyatko, and Karen A. Berry. “IS-81 Colorado Mineral and Energy Industry Activities 2017-2018.” Mineral and Energy Industry. Information Series. Golden, CO: Colorado Geological Survey, 2019. https://doi.org/10.58783/cgs.is81.uhla8285. CGS Publications. https://coloradogeologicalsurvey.org/publications/colorado-mineral-energy-industry-activities-2018. O’Keeffe, Michael K., and Karen A. Berry. “IS-80 Colorado Mineral and Energy Industry Activities 2016-2017.” Mineral and Energy Industry. Information Series. Golden, CO: Colorado Geological Survey, 2017. https://doi.org/10.58783/cgs.is80.xknf9228. CGS Publications. https://coloradogeologicalsurvey.org/publications/colorado-mineral-energy-industry-activities-2017. Cappa, James A., Michael K. O’Keeffe, James R. Guilinger, and Karen A. Berry. “IS-79 Colorado Mineral and Energy Industry Activities 2015-2016.” Mineral and Energy Industry. Information Series. Golden, CO: Colorado Geological Survey, 2016. https://doi.org/10.58783/cgs.is79.fwqe8752. CGS Publications. https://coloradogeologicalsurvey.org/publications/colorado-mineral-energy-industry-activities-2016. Burnell, James R. “ON-007-08M Historic Metal Mining Districts of Colorado (Map) – v20201112.” Mining, Online. Golden, CO: Colorado Geological Survey, 2015. https://coloradogeologicalsurvey.org/publications/historic-metal-mining-districts-colorado-map/. ———. “ON-007-08D Historic Metal Mining Districts of Colorado (Data) – V20201112.” Mining, (variable) online map. Online Series. Golden, CO: Colorado Geological Survey, 2015. https://coloradogeologicalsurvey.org/publications/historic-metal-mining-districts-colorado-data. ———. “ON-007-08M Historic Metal Mining Districts of Colorado (Map) – V20201112.” Mining, (variable) online map. Online Series. Golden, CO: Colorado Geological Survey, 2015. https://coloradogeologicalsurvey.org/publications/historic-metal-mining-districts-colorado-map. Guilinger, James R., and John W. Keller. “IS-78 Colorado Mineral and Energy Industry Activities 2014-2015.” Mineral and Energy Industry. Information Series. Golden, CO: Colorado Geological Survey, 2015. https://doi.org/10.58783/cgs.is78.stvy8149. CGS Publications. https://coloradogeologicalsurvey.org/publications/colorado-mineral-energy-industry-activities-2015. McCalpin, James P., Jonathan A. Funk, and David Mendel. “OF-12-06 Leadville South Quadrangle Geologic Map, Lake County, Colorado.” Geologic, 1:24,000. Open File Reports. Denver, CO: Colorado Geological Survey, Department of Natural Resources, 2012. https://doi.org/10.58783/cgs.of1206.unqz4575. CGS Publications. https://coloradogeologicalsurvey.org/publications/geologic-map-leadville-south-quadrangle-lake-colorado. Davis, Mark W., and Randall K. Streufert. RS-28 Gold Occurrences of Colorado. Resource Series, RS-28. Denver, CO: Colorado Geological Survey, Department of Natural Resources, 2011. https://coloradogeologicalsurvey.org/publications/gold-occurrences-colorado. Lynch, Dan R., and Bob Lynch. MI-93 Colorado Rocks and Minerals: A Field Guide to the Centennial State. Cambridge, MN: Adventure Publications, 2010. Parker, Ben H. “IS-33 Gold Panning and Placering In Colorado: How and Where.” Gold. Information Series. Denver, CO: Colorado Geological Survey, Department of Natural Resources, 2009. https://doi.org/10.58783/cgs.is33.alrx9539. CGS Publications. https://coloradogeologicalsurvey.org/publications/gold-panning-placering-colorado. Burnell, James R., Christopher J. Carroll, and Genevieve Young. “IS-77 Colorado Mineral and Energy Industry Activities, 2007.” Mineral and Energy Industry. Information Series. Denver, CO: Colorado Geological Survey, Department of Natural Resources, 2008. https://doi.org/10.58783/cgs.is77.xmgx1894. CGS Publications. https://coloradogeologicalsurvey.org/publications/colorado-mineral-energy-industry-activities-2007. Cappa, James A., Genevieve Young, James R. Burnell, Christopher J. Carroll, and Beth Widmann. “IS-75 Colorado Mineral and Energy Industry Activities, 2006.” Mineral and Energy Industry. Information Series. Denver, CO: Colorado Geological Survey, Department of Natural Resources, 2007. https://doi.org/10.58783/cgs.is75.xkzy8070. CGS Publications. https://coloradogeologicalsurvey.org/publications/colorado-mineral-energy-industry-activities-2006. Colorado Geological Survey. “RockTalk V09N2, Fall 2006 – Uranium – It’s Hot!!” RockTalk, Fall 2006. https://doi.org/10.58783/cgs.rt0902.ukut5447. CGS Publications. https://coloradogeologicalsurvey.org/publications/rocktalk-uranium-colorado/. Cappa, James A., Genevieve Young, John W. Keller, Christopher J. Carroll, and Beth Widmann. “IS-70 Colorado Mineral and Mineral Fuel Activity, 2004.” Mineral and Mineral Fuel. Information Series. Denver, CO: Colorado Geological Survey, Division of Minerals and Geology, Department of Natural Resources, 2005. https://doi.org/10.58783/cgs.is70.zlqt3743. CGS Publications. https://coloradogeologicalsurvey.org/publications/colorado-minerals-fuel-activity-2004. ———. “IS-73 Colorado Mineral and Energy Industry Activities, 2005.” Mineral and Energy Industry. Information Series. Denver, CO: Colorado Geological Survey, Division of Minerals and Geology, Department of Natural Resources, 2005. https://doi.org/10.58783/cgs.is73.kpdt7402. CGS Publications. https://coloradogeologicalsurvey.org/publications/colorado-mineral-energy-industry-activities-2005. Preston, Ralph N. “MI-89 Colorado Gold and Gems Maps, Then and Now.” Miscellaneous Investigations. Northwest Distributors, 2005. https://historicalmapsonline.com/product/colorado-gold. Wood II, Robert H., and David A. Bird. “OF-05-11 Mine Site History and Environmental Setting of the Akron Mine, Gunnison National Forest, Gunnison County, Colorado.” Mine Site History. Open File Reports. Denver, CO: Colorado Geological Survey, Department of Natural Resources, 2005. https://doi.org/10.58783/cgs.of0511.qlkw1578. CGS Publications. https://coloradogeologicalsurvey.org/publications/history-geology-environment-akron-mine-gunnison-national-forest-colorado. Wood II, Robert H., David A. Bird, and Matthew A. Sares. “OF-05-01 Mine Site History and Watershed Characterization of the Cinnamon Gulch Area, Dillon Ranger District, White River National Forest, Summit County, Colorado.” Mineral and Water Resources. Open File Reports. Denver, CO: Colorado Geological Survey, Department of Natural Resources, 2005. https://doi.org/10.58783/cgs.of0501.yvro3555. CGS Publications. https://coloradogeologicalsurvey.org/publications/mine-history-watershed-characterization-cinnamon-gulch-dillon-white-river-summit-colorado. Henry, Thomas W. and Gold Belt Tour Scenic and Historic Byway Association. MI-76 Geologic Guidebook to the Gold Belt Byway, Colorado. Cañon City, CO: B&B Printers, 2004. Wood II, Robert H., John T. Neubert, and David A. Bird. “OF-03-14 History, Geology, and Environmental Setting of Selected Mines in the Upper Alamosa River Basin, Rio Grande National Forest, Conejos and Rio Grande Counties, Colorado.” History and Geology. Open File Reports. Denver, CO: Colorado Geological Survey, Division of Minerals and Geology, Department of Natural Resources, 2004. https://doi.org/10.58783/cgs.of0314.kgdu9605. CGS Publications. https://coloradogeologicalsurvey.org/publications/history-geology-environment-mines-alamosa-river-basin-rio-grande-national-forest-conejos-colorado. Widmann, Beth L., and Harry Terbest. “OF-03-01 Evaluation of Mineral and Mineral Fuel Potential of Lincoln County State Mineral Lands Administered by the Colorado State Land Board.” Mineral and Mineral Fuel. Open File Report. Denver, CO: Colorado Geological Survey, Division of Minerals and Geology, Department of Natural Resources, May 2003. https://doi.org/10.58783/cgs.of0301.fqvk6911. CGS Publications. https://coloradogeologicalsurvey.org/publications/evaluation-mineral-fuel-potential-lincoln-cslb. Cappa, James A., Harry TerBest, and Nicole V. Koenig. “OF-03-11 Evaluation of Mineral and Mineral Fuel Potential of Adams, Arapahoe, and Denver Counties State Mineral Lands Administered by the Colorado State Land Board.” Mineral and Mineral Fuel. Open File Report. Denver, CO: Colorado Geological Survey, Division of Minerals and Geology, Department of Natural Resources, April 2003. https://doi.org/10.58783/cgs.of0311.yese7511. CGS Publications. https://coloradogeologicalsurvey.org/publications/evaluation-mineral-fuel-potential-adams-arapahoe-denver-cslb. Colorado Geological Survey. “RockTalk V06N2, April 2003 – Gold in Colorado.” RockTalk, April 2003. https://doi.org/10.58783/cgs.rt0602.maka5717. CGS Publications. https://coloradogeologicalsurvey.org/publications/rocktalk-gold-colorado/. Widmann, Beth L., L. Alex Scarbrough, Jr., Sean P. Gaffney, Harry Terbest, and James A. Cappa. “OF-03-12 Evaluation of Mineral and Mineral Fuel Potential of Baca County State Mineral Lands Administered by the Colorado State Land Board.” Mineral and Mineral Fuel. Open File Report. Denver, CO: Colorado Geological Survey, Division of Minerals and Geology, Department of Natural Resources, March 2003. https://doi.org/10.58783/cgs.of0312.vxjl5412. CGS Publications. https://coloradogeologicalsurvey.org/publications/evaluation-mineral-fuel-potential-baca-cslb. Keller, John W., and Harry Terbest. “OF-03-07 Evaluation of Mineral and Mineral Fuel Potential of El Paso County State Mineral Lands Administered by the Colorado State Land Board.” Mineral and Mineral Fuel. Open File Report. Denver, CO: Colorado Geological Survey, Division of Minerals and Geology, Department of Natural Resources, February 2003. https://doi.org/10.58783/cgs.of0307.gwwb7068. CGS Publications. https://coloradogeologicalsurvey.org/publications/evaluation-mineral-fuel-potential-el-paso-cslb. Koenig, Nicole V., Harry Terbest, and L. Alex Scarbrough, Jr. “OF-03-05 Evaluation of Mineral and Mineral Fuel Potential of Crowley and Otero Counties State Mineral Lands Administered by the Colorado State Land Board.” Mineral and Mineral Fuel. Open File Report. Denver, CO: Colorado Geological Survey, Division of Minerals and Geology, Department of Natural Resources, February 2003. https://doi.org/10.58783/cgs.of0305.vzig7458. CGS Publications. https://coloradogeologicalsurvey.org/publications/evaluation-mineral-fuel-potential-crowley-otero-cslb. Widmann, Beth L., and Harry Terbest. “OF-03-03 Evaluation of Mineral and Mineral Fuel Potential of Las Animas County State Mineral Lands Administered by the Colorado State Land Board.” Mineral and Mineral Fuel. Open File Report. Denver, CO: Colorado Geological Survey, Division of Minerals and Geology, Department of Natural Resources, January 2003. https://doi.org/10.58783/cgs.of0303.uigz6621. CGS Publications. https://coloradogeologicalsurvey.org/publications/evaluation-mineral-fuel-potential-las-animas-cslb. Cappa, James A., Beth Widmann, Christopher J. Carroll, John W. Keller, and Genevieve Young. “IS-69 Colorado Mineral and Mineral Fuel Activity, 2003.” Mineral and Mineral Fuel. Information Series. Denver, CO: Colorado Geological Survey, Division of Minerals and Geology, Department of Natural Resources, 2003. https://doi.org/10.58783/cgs.is69.thyi9168. CGS Publications. https://coloradogeologicalsurvey.org/publications/colorado-minerals-fuel-activity-2003. Keller, John W., and Harry Terbest. “OF-03-10 Evaluation of Mineral and Mineral Fuel Potential of Douglas and Elbert Counties State Mineral Lands Administered by the Colorado State Land Board.” Mineral and Mineral Fuel. Open File Report. Denver, CO: Colorado Geological Survey, Division of Minerals and Geology, Department of Natural Resources, 2003. https://doi.org/10.58783/cgs.of0310.tnba4422. CGS Publications. https://coloradogeologicalsurvey.org/publications/evaluation-mineral-fuel-potential-douglas-elbert-cslb. Wallace, C.A., John W. Keller, James P. McCalpin, Paul J. Bartos, E. E. Route, Natalie N. Jones, Francisco Gutierrez, Cindy L. Williams, and Matthew L. Morgan. “OF-02-07 Geologic Map of the Breckenridge Quadrangle, Summit and Park Counties, Colorado.” Geologic, 1:24,000. Open File Reports. Denver, CO: Colorado Geological Survey, Division of Minerals and Geology, Department of Natural Resources, 2003. https://doi.org/10.58783/cgs.of0207.sfov6687. CGS Publications. https://coloradogeologicalsurvey.org/publications/geologic-map-breckenridge-quadrangle-summit-park-colorado. Widmann, Beth, Paul J. Bartos, James P. McCalpin, and Jeffrey Jackson. “OF-03-20 Geologic Map of the Copper Mountain Quadrangle, Summit, Eagle, Lake, and Park Counties, Colorado.” Geologic, 1:24,000. Open File Reports. Denver, CO: Colorado Geological Survey, Division of Minerals and Geology, Department of Natural Resources, 2003. https://doi.org/10.58783/cgs.of0320.zypn6700. CGS Publications. https://coloradogeologicalsurvey.org/publications/geologic-map-copper-mountain-quadrangle-summit-eagle-lake-park-colorado. Wood II, Robert H. “OF-03-13 History, Geology, and Environmental Setting of the Southern Cross and 7D Mines, Hahns Peak Mining District, Routt National Forest, Routt County, Colorado.” History and Geology. Open File Reports. Denver, CO: Colorado Geological Survey, Division of Minerals and Geology, Department of Natural Resources, 2003. https://doi.org/10.58783/cgs.of0313.mitj6094. CGS Publications. https://coloradogeologicalsurvey.org/publications/history-geology-environment-mines-hahns-peak-district-routt-national-forest-colorado. Cappa, James A., and Harry TerBest. “OF-02-23 Evaluation of Mineral and Mineral Fuel Potential of Weld County State Mineral Lands Administered by the Colorado State Land Board.” Mineral and Mineral Fuel. Open File Report. Denver, CO: Colorado Geological Survey, Division of Minerals and Geology, Department of Natural Resources, December 2002. https://doi.org/10.58783/cgs.of0223.ibmb7701. CGS Publications. https://coloradogeologicalsurvey.org/publications/evaluation-mineral-fuel-potential-weld-cslb. Widmann, Beth L., and Harry Terbest. “OF-02-19 Evaluation of Mineral and Mineral Fuel Potential of Eagle and Routt Counties State Mineral Lands Administered by the Colorado State Land Board.” Mineral and Mineral Fuel. Open File Report. Denver, CO: Colorado Geological Survey, Division of Minerals and Geology, Department of Natural Resources, October 2002. https://doi.org/10.58783/cgs.of0219.pcky3253. CGS Publications. https://coloradogeologicalsurvey.org/publications/evaluation-mineral-fuel-potential-routt-eagle-cslb. Keller, John W., and Harry Terbest. “OF-02-22 Evaluation of Mineral and Mineral Fuel Potential of Pueblo County State Mineral Lands Administered by the Colorado State Land Board.” Mineral and Mineral Fuel. Open File Report. Denver, CO: Colorado Geological Survey, Division of Minerals and Geology, Department of Natural Resources, August 2002. https://doi.org/10.58783/cgs.of0222.hpnx8083. CGS Publications. https://coloradogeologicalsurvey.org/publications/evaluation-mineral-fuel-potential-pueblo-cslb. Widmann, Beth L., and Harry Terbest. “OF-02-18 Evaluation of Mineral and Mineral Fuel Potential of Delta, Mesa, Ouray, Rio Blanco, and San Miguel Counties State Mineral Lands Administered by the Colorado State Land Board.” Mineral and Mineral Fuel. Open File Report. Denver, CO: Colorado Geological Survey, Division of Minerals and Geology, Department of Natural Resources, July 2002. https://doi.org/10.58783/cgs.of0218.wuze2855. CGS Publications. https://coloradogeologicalsurvey.org/publications/evaluation-mineral-fuel-potential-rio-blanco-delta-mesa-san-miguel-ouray-cslb. Koenig, Nicole V. “OF-02-10 Evaluation of Mineral and Mineral Fuel Potential of Logan County State Mineral Lands Administered by the Colorado State Land Board.” Mineral and Mineral Fuel. Open File Report. Denver, CO: Colorado Geological Survey, Division of Minerals and Geology, Department of Natural Resources, April 2002. https://doi.org/10.58783/cgs.of0210.avgo7137. CGS Publications. https://coloradogeologicalsurvey.org/publications/evaluation-mineral-fuel-potential-logan-cslb. Koenig, Nicole V., L. Alex Scarbrough, Jr., Harry Terbest, and Rachel E. Garrison. “OF-02-11 Evaluation of Mineral and Mineral Fuel Potential of Bent County State Mineral Lands Administered by the Colorado State Land Board.” Mineral and Mineral Fuel. Open File Report. Denver, CO: Colorado Geological Survey, Division of Minerals and Geology, Department of Natural Resources, March 2002. https://doi.org/10.58783/cgs.of0211.intc6759. CGS Publications. https://coloradogeologicalsurvey.org/publications/evaluation-mineral-fuel-potential-bent-cslb. Guilinger, James R., and John W. Keller. “IS-68 Directory of Active and Permitted Mines in Colorado, 2002.” Directory of Active and Permitted Mines. Information Series. Denver, CO: Colorado Geological Survey, Division of Minerals and Geology, Department of Natural Resources, 2002. https://doi.org/10.58783/cgs.is68.gtnn2577. CGS Publications. https://coloradogeologicalsurvey.org/publications/active-mine-directory-mine-permits-colorado-2002. Keller, John W., James A. Cappa, Christopher J. Carroll, and Phyllis K. Scott. “IS-67 Colorado Mineral and Mineral Fuel Activity, 2002.” Mineral and Mineral Fuel. Information Series. Denver, CO: Colorado Geological Survey, Division of Minerals and Geology, Department of Natural Resources, 2002. https://doi.org/10.58783/cgs.is67.wwbi2658. CGS Publications. https://coloradogeologicalsurvey.org/publications/colorado-minerals-fuel-activity-2002. Keller, John W., Randal C. Phillips, and Karen S. Morgan. “IS-62 Digital Inventory of Industrial Mineral Mines and Mine Permit Locations in Colorado.” Mineral and Mineral Fuel. Information Series. Denver, CO: Colorado Geological Survey, Division of Minerals and Geology, Department of Natural Resources, 2002. https://doi.org/10.58783/cgs.is62.wmoo3072. CGS Publications. https://coloradogeologicalsurvey.org/publications/inventory-industrial-mineral-mine-permit-colorado. Koenig, Nicole V. “OF-02-09 Evaluation of Mineral and Mineral Fuel Potential of Morgan County State Mineral Lands Administered by the Colorado State Land Board.” Mineral and Mineral Fuel. Open File Report. Denver, CO: Colorado Geological Survey, Division of Minerals and Geology, Department of Natural Resources, 2002. https://doi.org/10.58783/cgs.of0209.ljqp9700. CGS Publications. https://coloradogeologicalsurvey.org/publications/evaluation-mineral-fuel-potential-morgan-cslb. May, David J., and James A. Cappa. “OF-02-14 Evaluation of Mineral Fuel Potential of Washington County State Mineral Lands Administered by the Colorado State Land Board.” Mineral and Mineral Fuel. Open File Report. Denver, CO: Colorado Geological Survey, Division of Minerals and Geology, Department of Natural Resources, 2002. https://doi.org/10.58783/cgs.of0214.hehc7611. CGS Publications. https://coloradogeologicalsurvey.org/publications/evaluation-mineral-fuel-potential-washington-cslb. Voynick, Stephen M. MI-86 Colorado Gold, From the Pike’s Peak Rush to the Present. 2nd ed. Missoula, MT: Mountain Press, 2002. Widmann, Beth L., Matthew L. Morgan, Paul J. Bartos, Kenneth C. Shaver, Francisco Gutiérrez, and Andrew Lockman. “OF-02-03 Geologic Map of the Keystone Quadrangle, Summit County, Colorado.” Geologic, 1:24,000. Open File Reports. Denver, CO: Colorado Geological Survey, Division of Minerals and Geology, Department of Natural Resources, 2002. https://doi.org/10.58783/cgs.of0203.mmem1785. CGS Publications. https://coloradogeologicalsurvey.org/publications/geologic-map-keystone-quadrangle-summit-colorado. Cappa, James A., Nicole V. Koenig, and Rachel E. Garrison. “OF-01-21 Evaluation of Mineral and Mineral Fuel Potential of Larimer County State Mineral Lands Administered by the Colorado State Land Board.” Mineral and Mineral Fuel. Open File Report. Denver, CO: Colorado Geological Survey, Division of Minerals and Geology, Department of Natural Resources, December 2001. https://doi.org/10.58783/cgs.of0121.jtto7622. CGS Publications. https://coloradogeologicalsurvey.org/publications/evaluation-mineral-fuel-potential-larimer-cslb. Koenig, Nicole V., L. Alex Scarbrough, Jr., Harry Terbest, and Rachel E. Garrison. “OF-01-19 Evaluation of Mineral and Mineral Fuel Potential of Prowers County State Mineral Lands Administered by the Colorado State Land Board.” Mineral and Mineral Fuel. Open File Report. Denver, CO: Colorado Geological Survey, Division of Minerals and Geology, Department of Natural Resources, October 2001. https://doi.org/10.58783/cgs.of0119.mspn6558. CGS Publications. https://coloradogeologicalsurvey.org/publications/evaluation-mineral-fuel-potential-prowers-cslb. Keller, John W., and Harry Terbest. “OF-01-10 Evaluation of Mineral and Mineral Fuel Potential of Custer and Huerfano Counties State Mineral Lands Administered by the Colorado State Land Board.” Mineral and Mineral Fuel. Open File Report. Denver, CO: Colorado Geological Survey, Division of Minerals and Geology, Department of Natural Resources, September 2001. https://doi.org/10.58783/cgs.of0110.hxhq3063. CGS Publications. https://coloradogeologicalsurvey.org/publications/evaluation-mineral-fuel-potential-huerfano-custer-cslb. Widmann, Beth L., Laura Wray, and Rachel E. Garrison. “OF-01-18 Evaluation of Mineral and Mineral Fuel Potential of Montezuma and Dolores Counties State Mineral Lands Administered by the Colorado State Land Board.” Mineral and Mineral Fuel. Open File Report. Denver, CO: Colorado Geological Survey, Division of Minerals and Geology, Department of Natural Resources, August 2001. https://doi.org/10.58783/cgs.of0118.cqmq7467. CGS Publications. https://coloradogeologicalsurvey.org/publications/evaluation-mineral-fuel-potential-montezuma-dolores-cslb. Cappa, James A., Nicole V. Koenig, and Rachel Coursey. “OF-01-15 Evaluation of Mineral and Mineral Fuel Potential of Jackson County State Mineral Lands Administered by the Colorado State Land Board.” Mineral and Mineral Fuel. Open File Report. Denver, CO: Colorado Geological Survey, Division of Minerals and Geology, Department of Natural Resources, July 2001. https://doi.org/10.58783/cgs.of0115.wmnx4697. CGS Publications. https://coloradogeologicalsurvey.org/publications/evaluation-mineral-fuel-potential-jackson-cslb. Colorado Geological Survey. “RockTalk V04N3, July 2001 – Molybdenum in Colorado.” RockTalk, July 2001. https://doi.org/10.58783/cgs.rt0403.vmxj8157. CGS Publications. https://coloradogeologicalsurvey.org/publications/rocktalk-molybdeum-colorado/. Hemborg, H. Thomas, Harry Terbest, L. Alex Scarbrough, Jr., Laura Wray, and Rachel Coursey. “OF-01-07 Evaluation of Mineral and Mineral Fuel Potential of Cheyenne County State Mineral Lands Administered by the Colorado State Land Board.” Mineral and Mineral Fuel. Open File Report. Denver, CO: Colorado Geological Survey, Division of Minerals and Geology, Department of Natural Resources, May 2001. https://doi.org/10.58783/cgs.of0107.zkfz9183. CGS Publications. https://coloradogeologicalsurvey.org/publications/evaluation-mineral-fuel-potential-cheyenne-cslb. Colorado Geological Survey. “RockTalk V04N2, April 2001 – Mining and the Environment.” RockTalk, April 2001. https://doi.org/10.58783/cgs.rt0402.vlzz6942. CGS Publications. https://coloradogeologicalsurvey.org/publications/rocktalk-mining-environment/. Wray, Laura, John W. Keller, Harry TerBest, L. Alex Scarbrough, Jr., and Rachel Coursey. “OF-01-09 Evaluation of Mineral and Mineral Fuel Potential of Kiowa County State Mineral Lands Administered by the Colorado State Land Board.” Mineral and Mineral Fuel. Open File Report. Denver, CO: Colorado Geological Survey, Division of Minerals and Geology, Department of Natural Resources, April 2001. https://doi.org/10.58783/cgs.of0109.scre7088. CGS Publications. https://coloradogeologicalsurvey.org/publications/evaluation-mineral-fuel-potential-kiowa-cslb. Cappa, James A., H. Thomas Hemborg, and Rachel Coursey. “OF-01-06 Evaluation of Mineral and Mineral Fuel Potential of Grand and Summit Counties State Mineral Lands Administered by the Colorado State Land Board.” Mineral and Mineral Fuel. Open File Report. Denver, CO: Colorado Geological Survey, Division of Minerals and Geology, Department of Natural Resources, January 2001. https://doi.org/10.58783/cgs.of0106.gama8531. CGS Publications. https://coloradogeologicalsurvey.org/publications/evaluation-mineral-fuel-potential-grand-summit-cslb. Carroll, Christopher J., James A. Cappa, John W. Keller, Beth Widmann, L. L. Wray, and Thomas J. Hyde. “IS-63 Colorado Mineral and Mineral Fuel Activity, 2001.” Mineral and Mineral Fuel. Information Series. Denver, CO: Colorado Geological Survey, Division of Minerals and Geology, Department of Natural Resources, 2001. https://doi.org/10.58783/cgs.is63.kmnl1923. CGS Publications. https://coloradogeologicalsurvey.org/publications/colorado-minerals-fuel-activity-2001. Keller, John W., and Harry TerBest. “OF-01-20 Evaluation of Mineral and Mineral Fuel Potential of Archuleta, Hinsdale, La Plata, Mineral and San Juan Counties State Mineral Lands Administered by the Colorado State Land Board.” Mineral and Mineral Fuel. Open File Report. Denver, CO: Colorado Geological Survey, Division of Minerals and Geology, Department of Natural Resources, 2001. https://doi.org/10.58783/cgs.of0120.qdcg7236. CGS Publications. https://coloradogeologicalsurvey.org/publications/evaluation-mineral-fuel-potential-archuleta-hinsdale-la-plata-mineral-san-juan-cslb. Neubert, John T., and Robert H. Wood II. “OF-01-13 History, Geology, and Environmental Setting of Selected Mines in the Chalk Creek Mining District, Pike/San Isabel National Forest, Chaffee County, Colorado.” Mine Site History. Open File Report. Denver, CO: Colorado Geological Survey, Division of Minerals and Geology, Department of Natural Resources, 2001. https://doi.org/10.58783/cgs.of0113.lfcq4714. CGS Publications. https://coloradogeologicalsurvey.org/publications/history-geology-environment-chalk-creek-mining-district-chaffee-colorado. ———. “OF-01-14 History, Geology, and Environmental Setting of the Griffin and Wilkesbarre Mines, Pike/San Isabel National Forest, Lake County, Colorado.” Mine Site History. Open File Report. Denver, CO: Colorado Geological Survey, Division of Minerals and Geology, Department of Natural Resources, 2001. https://doi.org/10.58783/cgs.of0114.jqev7981. CGS Publications. https://coloradogeologicalsurvey.org/publications/history-geology-environment-griffin-wilkesbarre-mines-lake-colorado. Neubert, John, and Robert H. Wood II. “OF-02-13 History, Geology, And Environmental Setting of Selected Mines Near Ophir, Uncompahgre National Forest, San Miguel County, Colorado.” Geology and Environment. Open File Reports. Denver, CO: Colorado Geological Survey, Division of Minerals and Geology, Department of Natural Resources, 2001. https://doi.org/10.58783/cgs.of0213.yxsq5919. CGS Publications. https://coloradogeologicalsurvey.org/publications/history-geology-environment-mines-ophir-uncompahgre-national-forest-san-miguel-colorado. Scarbrough, Jr., L. Alex. “RS-40 Geology and Mineral Resources of Park County, Colorado.” Geology and Mineral Resources. Resource Series. Denver, CO: Colorado Geological Survey, Division of Minerals and Geology, Department of Natural Resources, 2001. https://doi.org/10.58783/cgs.rs40.mitw1961. CGS Publications. https://coloradogeologicalsurvey.org/publications/geology-mineral-resources-park-colorado/. Wood II, Robert H., and John T. Neubert. “OF-01-11 History, Geology, And Environmental Setting of the Tweed Mine, Pike/San Isabel National Forest, Chaffee County, Colorado.” Mine Site History. Open File Report. Denver, CO: Colorado Geological Survey, Division of Minerals and Geology, Department of Natural Resources, 2001. https://doi.org/10.58783/cgs.of0111.leze4063. CGS Publications. https://coloradogeologicalsurvey.org/publications/history-geology-environment-tweed-mine-pike-san-isabel-national-forest-chaffee-colorado. ———. “OF-01-12 History, Geology, And Environmental Setting of the Lienhart Mine, Pike/San Isabel National Forest, Chaffee County, Colorado.” Mine Site History. Open File Report. Denver, CO: Colorado Geological Survey, Division of Minerals and Geology, Department of Natural Resources, 2001. https://doi.org/10.58783/cgs.of0112.bucf7210. CGS Publications. https://coloradogeologicalsurvey.org/publications/history-geology-environmental-setting-lienhart-mine-pike-san-isabel-national-forest-chaffee. Wray, L. L., Christopher J. Carroll, John W. Keller, and James A. Cappa. “IS-59 Colorado Mineral and Mineral Fuel Activity, 2000.” Mineral and Mineral Fuel. Information Series. Denver, CO: Colorado Geological Survey, Division of Minerals and Geology, Department of Natural Resources, 2001. https://doi.org/10.58783/cgs.is59.lvlf9706. CGS Publications. https://coloradogeologicalsurvey.org/publications/colorado-minerals-fuel-activity-2000. Keller, John W., and Laura Wray. “OF-00-15 Evaluation of Mineral and Mineral Fuel Potential of Alamosa, Conejos, and Rio Grande Counties State Mineral Lands Administered by the Colorado State Land Board.” Mineral and Mineral Fuel. Open File Report. Denver, CO: Colorado Geological Survey, Division of Minerals and Geology, Department of Natural Resources, December 2000. https://doi.org/10.58783/cgs.of0015.dmxt2508. CGS Publications. https://coloradogeologicalsurvey.org/publications/evaluation-mineral-fuel-potential-alamosa-conejos-rio-grande-cslb. Hemborg, H. Thomas, Harry Terbest, L. Alex Scarbrough, Jr., and Rachel Coursey. “OF-00-07 Evaluation of Mineral and Mineral Fuel Potential of Kit Carson County State Mineral Lands Administered by the Colorado State Land Board.” Mineral and Mineral Fuel. Open File Report. Denver, CO: Colorado Geological Survey, Division of Minerals and Geology, Department of Natural Resources, June 2000. https://doi.org/10.58783/cgs.of0007.teng9371. CGS Publications. https://coloradogeologicalsurvey.org/publications/evaluation-mineral-fuel-potential-kit-carson-cslb. Hemborg, H. Thomas, and John W. Keller. “OF-00-14 Preliminary Evaluation of Mineral and Mineral Fuel Potential of the 68 Tracts of State Trust Land Nominated by the Public for Inclusion in the Stewardship Trust (Round 2).” Mineral and Mineral Fuel. Open File Report. Denver, CO: Colorado Geological Survey, Division of Minerals and Geology, Department of Natural Resources, May 2000. https://doi.org/10.58783/cgs.of0014.nlnw4399. CGS Publications. https://coloradogeologicalsurvey.org/publications/evaluation-mineral-fuel-potential-68-tracts-cslb. Keller, John W., H. Thomas Hemborg, and James A. Cappa. “OF-00-06 Evaluation of Mineral and Mineral Fuel Potential of Chaffee, Gunnison, Lake, and Pitkin Counties State Mineral Lands Administered by the Colorado State Land Board.” Mineral and Mineral Fuel. Open File Report. Denver, CO: Colorado Geological Survey, Division of Minerals and Geology, Department of Natural Resources, March 2000. https://doi.org/10.58783/cgs.of0006.kqln7240. CGS Publications. https://coloradogeologicalsurvey.org/publications/evaluation-mineral-fuel-potential-chaffee-gunnison-lake-pitkin-cslb. Keller, John W., Harry Terbest, H. Thomas Hemborg, and Melissa Crane. “OF-00-05 Evaluation of Mineral and Mineral Fuel Potential of Fremont County State Mineral Lands Administered by the Colorado State Land Board.” Mineral and Mineral Fuel. Open File Report. Denver, CO: Colorado Geological Survey, Division of Minerals and Geology, Department of Natural Resources, January 2000. https://doi.org/10.58783/cgs.of0005.xhbw2880. CGS Publications. https://coloradogeologicalsurvey.org/publications/evaluation-mineral-fuel-potential-fremont-cslb. Cappa, James A., Christopher J. Carroll, and H. Thomas Hemborg. “IS-54 Colorado Mineral and Mineral Fuel Activity, 1999.” Mineral and Mineral Fuel. Information Series. Denver, CO: Colorado Geological Survey, Division of Minerals and Geology, Department of Natural Resources, 2000. https://doi.org/10.58783/cgs.is54.rfoq1650. CGS Publications. https://coloradogeologicalsurvey.org/publications/colorado-minerals-fuel-activity-1999. Cappa, James A., H. Thomas Hemborg, John W. Keller, and Rachel Coursey. “OF-00-19 Evaluation of Mineral and Mineral Fuel Potential of Boulder, Jefferson, Clear Creek, and Gilpin Counties State Mineral Lands Administered by the Colorado State Land Board.” Mineral and Mineral Fuel. Open File Report. Denver, CO: Colorado Geological Survey, Division of Minerals and Geology, Department of Natural Resources, 2000. https://doi.org/10.58783/cgs.of0019.ujjk7005. CGS Publications. https://coloradogeologicalsurvey.org/publications/evaluation-mineral-fuel-potential-boulder-jefferson-clear-creek-gilpin-cslb. Cappa, James A., and John W. Keller. “OF-00-08 Evaluation of Mineral and Mineral Fuel Potential of Teller County State Mineral Lands Administered by the Colorado State Land Board.” Mineral and Mineral Fuel. Open File Report. Denver, CO: Colorado Geological Survey, Division of Minerals and Geology, Department of Natural Resources, 2000. https://doi.org/10.58783/cgs.of0008.tbpk8786. CGS Publications. https://coloradogeologicalsurvey.org/publications/evaluation-mineral-fuel-potential-teller-cslb. Keller, John W., and H. Thomas Hemborg. “OF-00-11 Evaluation of Mineral and Mineral Fuel Potential of Saguache County State Mineral Lands Administered by the Colorado State Land Board.” Mineral and Mineral Fuel. Open File Report. Denver, CO: Colorado Geological Survey, Division of Minerals and Geology, Department of Natural Resources, 2000. https://doi.org/10.58783/cgs.of0011.bwnd1643. CGS Publications. https://coloradogeologicalsurvey.org/publications/evaluation-mineral-fuel-potential-saguache-cslb. Neubert, John, and Robert H. Wood II. “OF-00-10 History, Geology, and Environmental Setting of the Lower Fair Day Mine, Arapaho/Roosevelt National Forest, Boulder County, Colorado.” Geology and Environment. Open File Reports. Denver, CO: Colorado Geological Survey, Division of Minerals and Geology, Department of Natural Resources, 2000. https://doi.org/10.58783/cgs.of0010.zstf7658. 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Denver, CO: Colorado Geological Survey, Division of Minerals and Geology, Department of Natural Resources, December 1999. https://doi.org/10.58783/cgs.of9919.qtai5457. CGS Publications. https://coloradogeologicalsurvey.org/publications/evaluation-mineral-fuel-potential-yuma-cslb. ———. “OF-99-11 Evaluation of Mineral and Mineral Fuel Potential of NW Moffat County State Mineral Lands Administered by the Colorado State Land Board.” Mineral and Mineral Fuel. Open File Report. Denver, CO: Colorado Geological Survey, Division of Minerals and Geology, Department of Natural Resources, June 1999. https://doi.org/10.58783/cgs.of9911.yyrs2865. CGS Publications. https://coloradogeologicalsurvey.org/publications/evaluation-mineral-fuel-potential-nw-moffat-cslb. ———. “OF-99-12 Evaluation of Mineral and Mineral Fuel Potential of SW Moffat County State Mineral Lands Administered by the Colorado State Land Board.” Mineral and Mineral Fuel. Open File Report. Denver, CO: Colorado Geological Survey, Division of Minerals and Geology, Department of Natural Resources, June 1999. https://doi.org/10.58783/cgs.of9912.jbgu9640. CGS Publications. https://coloradogeologicalsurvey.org/publications/evaluation-mineral-fuel-potential-sw-moffat-cslb. TerBest, Harry, and H. Thomas Hemborg. “OF-99-08 Evaluation of Mineral and Mineral Fuel Potential of Sedgwick County State Mineral Lands Administered by the Colorado State Land Board.” Mineral and Mineral Fuel. Open File Report. Denver, CO: Colorado Geological Survey, Division of Minerals and Geology, Department of Natural Resources, February 1999. https://doi.org/10.58783/cgs.of9908.tpvy2991. CGS Publications. https://coloradogeologicalsurvey.org/publications/evaluation-mineral-fuel-potential-sedgwick-cslb. Terbest, Harry, and H. Thomas Hemborg. “OF-99-01 Evaluation of Mineral and Mineral Fuel Potential of Phillips County State Mineral Lands Administered by the Colorado State Land Board.” Mineral and Mineral Fuel. Open File Report. Denver, CO: Colorado Geological Survey, Division of Minerals and Geology, Department of Natural Resources, January 1999. https://doi.org/10.58783/cgs.of9901.ljwe8992. CGS Publications. https://coloradogeologicalsurvey.org/publications/evaluation-mineral-fuel-potential-phillips-cslb. Cappa, James A., Christopher J. Carroll, and H. Thomas Hemborg. “IS-52 Colorado Mineral and Mineral Fuel Activity, 1998.” Mineral and Mineral Fuel. Information Series. Denver, CO: Colorado Geological Survey, Department of Natural Resources, 1999. https://doi.org/10.58783/cgs.is52.oubj6441. CGS Publications. https://coloradogeologicalsurvey.org/publications/colorado-minerals-fuel-activity-1998. Cappa, James A., L. Alex Scarbrough, Jr., Harry TerBest, and H. Thomas Hemborg. “OF-99-15 Evaluation of Mineral and Mineral Fuel Potential of Park County State Mineral Lands Administered by the Colorado State Land Board.” Mineral and Mineral Fuel. Open File Report. Denver, CO: Colorado Geological Survey, Division of Minerals and Geology, Department of Natural Resources, 1999. https://doi.org/10.58783/cgs.of9915.epxd1371. CGS Publications. https://coloradogeologicalsurvey.org/publications/evaluation-mineral-fuel-potential-park-cslb. Hudson, Travis, Frederick D. Fox, and Geoffrey S. Plumlee. MI-68 Metal Mining and the Environment. AGI Environmental Awareness Series 3. Alexandria, VA: American Geological Institute, 1999. Kappele, William A, and W. R. C. Shedenhelm. MI-52 Rockhounding Colorado. Helena, MT: Falcon Pub., 1999. Scarbrough, Jr., L. Alex, Harry TerBest, and H. Thomas Hemborg. “OF-99-16 Evaluation of Mineral and Mineral Fuel Potential of NE Moffat County State Mineral Lands Administered by the Colorado State Land Board.” Mineral and Mineral Fuel. Open File Report. Denver, CO: Colorado Geological Survey, Division of Minerals and Geology, Department of Natural Resources, 1999. https://doi.org/10.58783/cgs.of9916.pzwv7054. CGS Publications. https://coloradogeologicalsurvey.org/publications/evaluation-mineral-fuel-potential-ne-moffat-cslb. ———. “OF-99-17 Evaluation of Mineral and Mineral Fuel Potential of SE Moffat County State Mineral Lands Administered by the Colorado State Land Board.” Mineral and Mineral Fuel. Open File Report. Denver, CO: Colorado Geological Survey, Division of Minerals and Geology, Department of Natural Resources, 1999. https://doi.org/10.58783/cgs.of9917.wnpw8339. CGS Publications. https://coloradogeologicalsurvey.org/publications/evaluation-mineral-fuel-potential-se-moffat-cslb. Streufert, Randall K., Wynn Eakins, H. 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Thomas, and Harry Terbest. “OF-98-06 Preliminary Evaluation of Mineral and Mineral Fuel Potential of the 130 Tracts of State Trust Land Nominated by the Public for Inclusion in the Stewardship Trust (Round 1).” Mineral and Mineral Fuel. Open File Report. Denver, CO: Colorado Geological Survey, Division of Minerals and Geology, Department of Natural Resources, 1998. https://doi.org/10.58783/cgs.of9806.uwmt5401. CGS Publications. https://coloradogeologicalsurvey.org/publications/preliminary-evaluation-mineral-fuel-potential-cslb. Lawson, Allison D. “IS-45 Active Permitted Mine Operations in Colorado, 1996-97.” Mining. Information Series. Denver, CO: Colorado Geological Survey, Department of Natural Resources, 1998. https://doi.org/10.58783/cgs.is45.tmxx4183. CGS Publications. https://coloradogeologicalsurvey.org/publications/active-permitted-mine-operations-colorado-1997. Cappa, James A., Carol M. Tremain, and H. Thomas Hemborg. “IS-42 Colorado Mineral and Mineral Fuel Activity, 1996.” Mineral and Mineral Fuel. Information Series. Denver, CO: Colorado Geological Survey, Department of Natural Resources, 1997. https://doi.org/10.58783/cgs.is42.ozmb4209. CGS Publications. https://coloradogeologicalsurvey.org/publications/colorado-minerals-fuel-activity-1996. Cappa, James A., and Carol M. Tremain. “IS-40 Colorado Mineral and Mineral Fuel Activity, 1995.” Mineral and Mineral Fuel. Information Series. Denver, CO: Colorado Geological Survey, Division of Minerals and Geology, Department of Natural Resources, 1996. https://doi.org/10.58783/cgs.is40.safa6400. CGS Publications. https://coloradogeologicalsurvey.org/publications/colorado-minerals-fuel-activity-1995. Hemborg, H. Thomas. “IS-41 Active Permitted Mine Operations in Colorado, 1995-96.” Mining. Information Series. Denver, CO: Colorado Geological Survey, Department of Natural Resources, 1996. https://doi.org/10.58783/cgs.is41.xnru3971. 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Map Series. Denver, CO: Colorado Geological Survey, Department of Natural Resources, 1984. https://doi.org/10.58783/cgs.ms24.bzsm6014. CGS Publications. https://coloradogeologicalsurvey.org/publications/metal-mining-activity-map-colorado-directory-1984. American Geological Institute. “Bulletin 45 – Bibliography and Index of Colorado Geology 1975-1980.” Bibliography. Bulletin. Denver, CO: Colorado Geological Survey, Department of Natural Resources, 1983. https://doi.org/10.58783/cgs.b45.vfhx8784. CGS Publications. https://coloradogeologicalsurvey.org/publications/colorado-geology-bibliography-index-1975-1980. ———. “IS-19 Bibliography and Index of Colorado Geology 1981-1982.” Bibliography. Information Series. Denver, CO: Colorado Geological Survey, Department of Natural Resources, 1983. https://doi.org/10.58783/cgs.is19.ivkr2441. CGS Publications. https://coloradogeologicalsurvey.org/publications/bibliography-colorado-geology-1981-1982. Heinrich, E. 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Denver, CO: State of Colorado Mineral Resources Board, 1947. https://doi.org/10.58783/cgs.mi01.vhqh1869. CGS Publications. https://coloradogeologicalsurvey.org/publications/mineral-resources-colorado. Goddard, Edwin Newell. “Preliminary Report on the Gold Hill Mining District, Boulder County, Colorado.” In Colorado Scientific Society Proceeding, 14:82–101. Proceedings. Denver, CO: Colorado Scientific Society, 1940. George, Russell D. GEO-1927-01 Geology and Natural Resources of Colorado. Vol. 1. 5 vols. University of Colorado Semicentennial Series 1877-1927. Boulder, CO: University of Colorado, 1927. Muilenburg, Garrett A. “Bulletin 31 – Geology of the Tarryall District, Park County, Colorado.” Geology. Bulletin. Boulder, CO: Colorado Geological Survey, May 1925. https://doi.org/10.58783/cgs.b31.mkbg4759. CGS Publications. https://coloradogeologicalsurvey.org/publications/geology-tarryall-district-park-colorado. Crawford, R. D., and Russell Gibson. “Bulletin 30 – Geology and Ore Deposits of the Red Cliff District Colorado.” Geology. Bulletin. Boulder, CO: Colorado Geological Survey, 1925. https://doi.org/10.58783/cgs.b30.gqtv9216. CGS Publications. https://coloradogeologicalsurvey.org/publications/geology-ore-deposits-red-cliff-district-colorado. Aurand, Harry A. “Bulletin 22 – Mineral Deposits of the Western Slope.” Mineral Resources. Bulletin. Boulder, CO: Colorado Geological Survey, 1920. https://doi.org/10.58783/cgs.b22.oozi5137. CGS Publications. https://coloradogeologicalsurvey.org/publications/mineral-deposits-western-slope. Worcester, P. G. “Bulletin 21 – The Geology of the Ward Region Boulder County.” Geology. Bulletin. Boulder, CO: Colorado Geological Survey, 1920. https://doi.org/10.58783/cgs.b21.baqr8922. CGS Publications. https://coloradogeologicalsurvey.org/publications/geology-ward-region-boulder. Muilenburg, G. A. “Bulletin 15 – Manganese Deposits of Colorado.” Bulletin. Boulder, CO: Colorado Geological Survey, 1919. https://doi.org/10.58783/cgs.b15.elyq8268. CGS Publications. https://coloradogeologicalsurvey.org/publications/manganese-deposits-colorado. Worcester, P. G. “Bulletin 14 – Molybdenum Deposits of Colorado.” Mineral Resources. Bulletin. Boulder, CO: Colorado Geological Survey, 1918. https://doi.org/10.58783/cgs.b14.bjwb4148. CGS Publications. https://coloradogeologicalsurvey.org/publications/molybdenum-deposits-colorado. George, R. D. “Bulletin 12 – Common Minerals and Rocks – Their Occurrence and Uses.” Mineralogical. Bulletin. Boulder, CO: Colorado Geological Survey, 1917. https://doi.org/10.58783/cgs.b12.hntl2601. CGS Publications. https://coloradogeologicalsurvey.org/publications/common-minerals-rocks-occurrence-uses-1917. Patton, Horace B. “Bulletin 13 – Geology and Ore Deposits of the Platoro-Summitville Mining District.” Geology and Mineral Resources. Bulletin. Boulder, CO: Colorado Geological Survey, 1917. https://doi.org/10.58783/cgs.b13.hpzm9856. CGS Publications. https://coloradogeologicalsurvey.org/publications/geology-ore-deposits-platoro-summitville-mining-district. Crawford, R. D., and P. G. Worcester. “Bulletin 10 – Geology and Ore Deposits of the Gold Brick District, Colorado.” Geologic. Bulletin. Boulder, CO: Colorado Geological Survey, 1916. https://doi.org/10.58783/cgs.b10.smuw2972. CGS Publications. https://coloradogeologicalsurvey.org/publications/geology-ore-deposits-gold-brick-district-colorado/. Patton, Horace B. “Bulletin 09 – Geology of Ore Deposits of the Bonanza District, Saguache County, Colorado.” Geologic. Bulletin. Boulder, CO: Colorado State Geological Survey, 1915. https://doi.org/10.58783/cgs.b09.vtso7767. CGS Publications. https://coloradogeologicalsurvey.org/publications/geology-ore-deposits-bonanza-district-saguache/. Jones, Olive M. “Bulletin 07 – Bibliography of Colorado Geology and Mining with Subject Index, From Earliest Explorations to 1912.” Bibliography. Bulletin. Boulder, CO: Colorado State Geological Survey, 1914. https://doi.org/10.58783/cgs.b07.pjam8067. CGS Publications. https://coloradogeologicalsurvey.org/publications/bibliography-colorado-geology-mining/. Crawford, R. D. “Bulletin 04 – Geology and Ore Deposits of the Monarch and Tomichi Districts.” Bulletin. Boulder, CO: Colorado State Geological Survey, 1913. https://doi.org/10.58783/cgs.b04.rhlc3567. CGS Publications. https://coloradogeologicalsurvey.org/publications/geology-ore-deposits-monarch-tomichi-districts/. George, R. D. “Bulletin 06 – Common Minerals and Rocks, Their Occurrence and Uses.” Mineral Resources. Bulletin. Boulder, CO: Colorado State Geological Survey, 1913. https://doi.org/10.58783/cgs.b06.btiv3956. CGS Publications. https://coloradogeologicalsurvey.org/publications/common-minerals-rocks-occurrence-uses-1913. Grout, F. F., P. G. Worcester, Junius Henderson, and R. M. Butters. “Bulletin 05 – Part 1 – Reconnaissance of the Geology of the Rabbit Ears Region, Routt, Grand, and Jackson Counties, Colorado; Part 2 – Permian or ‘Permo-Carboniferous’ of the Eastern Foothills of the Rocky Mountains in Colorado.” Geology. Bulletin. Boulder, CO: Colorado State Geological Survey, 1913. https://doi.org/10.58783/cgs.b05.opgt3971. CGS Publications. https://coloradogeologicalsurvey.org/publications/reconnaissance-geology-rabbit-ears-region-colorado/. George, R. D., Horace B. Patton, Arthur J. Hoskin, and G. Montague Butler. “Bulletin 03 – Geology and Ore Deposits of the Alma District, Park County, Colorado.” Geology and Mineral Resources. Bulletin. Denver, CO: Colorado State Geological Survey, 1912. https://doi.org/10.58783/cgs.b03.jfwd8640. CGS Publications. https://coloradogeologicalsurvey.org/publications/geology-ore-deposits-alma-district-park/. Crawford, R. D. “Bulletin 01 – A Preliminary Report on the Geology of the Monarch Mining District, Chafee Country, Colorado.” Geology and Mineral Resources. Bulletin. Boulder, CO: Colorado State Geological Survey, 1910. https://doi.org/10.58783/cgs.b01.esnc5106. CGS Publications. https://coloradogeologicalsurvey.org/publications/geology-monarch-mining-chaffee/. Patton, Horace B., Charles E. Smith, G. Montague Butler, and Arthur J. Hoskin. “Bulletin 02 – Geology of the Grayback Mining District, Costilla County, Colorado.” Geology and Mineral Resources. Bulletin. Boulder, CO: Colorado State Geological Survey, 1910. https://doi.org/10.58783/cgs.b02.qstp6655. CGS Publications. https://coloradogeologicalsurvey.org/publications/geology-grayback-mining-costilla. George, R. D. “Bulletin 00 – First Report, 1908.” Bulletin. Denver, CO: Colorado Geological Survey, 1909. https://doi.org/10.58783/cgs.b00.vesr7807. CGS Publications. https://coloradogeologicalsurvey.org/publications/first-report-1908/. Emmons, Samuel Franklin. GEO-1886-01 Geology and Mining Industry of Leadville, Colorado with Atlas. Vol. XII. Monographs. Washington, DC: U.S. Geological Survey, 1886. https://coloradogeologicalsurvey.org/publications/geology-mining-leadville-colorado.
Links MS-28 Location Map and Descriptions of Metal Occurrences in Colorado with Notes on Economic Potential — Provides descriptions of metal occurrences and a map showing the general location of these deposits. RS-28 Gold Occurrences of Colorado — Provides a listing of gold occurrences in the state, a location map, and a geologic summary of the types of gold deposits. ON-007-08D Historic Metal Mining Districts of Colorado — Data download that includes a summary of the historic mining activities, mineralogy, references about these districts, and GIS files. ON-007-08M Historic Metal Mining Districts of Colorado — GIS map of the historic mining districts with hyperlinks to text descriptions of these districts. U.S. Geological Survey — For more on Climax-type porphyry molybdenum deposits see Open-File Report 2009-1215. Also, the USGS has more information on mineral deposit models. The USMIN project includes many publications with GIS downloads showing the locations and characteristics of select metal deposits in the U.S. including Colorado. The CGS reviews and comments on some of these publications prior to their release. Russell L. and Lyn Wood Mining History Archive (at the Arthur Lakes Library, Colorado School of Mines) — established in 1995 through the generous donations of former Mines Board of Trustees member Russell L. Wood and his wife Lyn, the archive supports research on the history of mining, with emphasis on Colorado and the US West. The Colorado School of Mines Museum of Earth Science in Golden and Denver Museum of Nature and Science both have numerous specimens collected from Colorado mines on display. The Friends of Mineralogy Colorado Chapter has several publications associated with their field trips and meetings that include metals and mining districts throughout Colorado. Also, the National Mining Hall of Fame and Museum in Leadville and the Western Museum of Mining and Industry in Colorado Springs have more on mining and minerals.
MS-28 Location Map and Descriptions of Metal Occurrences in Colorado with Notes on Economic Potential — Provides descriptions of metal occurrences and a map showing the general location of these deposits. RS-28 Gold Occurrences of Colorado — Provides a listing of gold occurrences in the state, a location map, and a geologic summary of the types of gold deposits. ON-007-08D Historic Metal Mining Districts of Colorado — Data download that includes a summary of the historic mining activities, mineralogy, references about these districts, and GIS files. ON-007-08M Historic Metal Mining Districts of Colorado — GIS map of the historic mining districts with hyperlinks to text descriptions of these districts. U.S. Geological Survey — For more on Climax-type porphyry molybdenum deposits see Open-File Report 2009-1215. Also, the USGS has more information on mineral deposit models. The USMIN project includes many publications with GIS downloads showing the locations and characteristics of select metal deposits in the U.S. including Colorado. The CGS reviews and comments on some of these publications prior to their release. Russell L. and Lyn Wood Mining History Archive (at the Arthur Lakes Library, Colorado School of Mines) — established in 1995 through the generous donations of former Mines Board of Trustees member Russell L. Wood and his wife Lyn, the archive supports research on the history of mining, with emphasis on Colorado and the US West. The Colorado School of Mines Museum of Earth Science in Golden and Denver Museum of Nature and Science both have numerous specimens collected from Colorado mines on display. The Friends of Mineralogy Colorado Chapter has several publications associated with their field trips and meetings that include metals and mining districts throughout Colorado. Also, the National Mining Hall of Fame and Museum in Leadville and the Western Museum of Mining and Industry in Colorado Springs have more on mining and minerals.
Media Zoom Download Image Share Cripple Creek, Victor Gold Mine, historically the Cresson Mine, Teller County. Photo credit: Vince Matthews (CGS). Zoom Download Image Share The Leadville, Colorado smelter of the American Smelting and Refining Company, December, 1942. Lead concentrates from Creede, Colorado were shipped to the smelter. Photo credit: Andreas Feininger. Zoom Download Image Share Colorado is home to several world-class molybdenum deposits including the alkaline felsic intrusive deposits of the Climax Mine—once the largest moly mine in the world—in Lake County, Colorado, July 2010. Photo credit: Vince Matthews for the CGS. Zoom Download Image Share Surface operations at the Climax molybdenum mine Zoom Download Image Share Theresa Mine headframe and ore bin, Cripple Creek, Colorado, August 2011. Photo credit: Vince Matthews for the CGS. Zoom Download Image Share Placer gold mining dredge on the South Platte River near Fairplay, Colorado, November 1939. Photo credit: Jay Higgins. Zoom Download Image Share Shaft house and works, Wolftone (zinc) mine, Leadville, Lake County, Colorado, 1908. Photo credit: J.D. Irving. Zoom Download Image Share Gold; 9.5 cm tall, from the Little Jonny (Ibex) Mine, Leadville, Lake County, Colorado, USA, in the National Mining Hall of Fame Museum collection. Photo credit: Mark Mauthner.