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Aggregate quarry near Durango, Colorado. Photo credit: Mike O'Keeffe for the CGS.

IS-84 Colorado Mineral and Energy Industry Activities 2020-2021 – bibliography

2022-02-03 | CGS Admin

Every year, the CGS Minerals section prepares a comprehensive survey of the mineral and energy industries across the state. The 2020-2021 report isn’t finished quite yet, but the comprehensive bibliographic list that it is based on is. This list includes state, local and federal government sources, as well as private sector information sites. We thought it would be interesting to share these sources directly with our readers just as they will appear in the publication. We’ll update you as soon as IS-84 is ready for free digital download!

Each link will open up in a new tab. Typically it can be a challenge to keep link lists like this up-to-date, though—apologies in advance if some of them end up with an error (please, let us know)!


American Gypsum, 2021, accessed December 2021, https://www.americangypsum.com/about/locations.

Arcosa Lightweight (Arcosa), 2021, accessed December 2021, https://arcosalightweight.com/about.

Associated Press, 2021, Georgia Power pushes back startup date of two nuclear reactors as costs mount: Associated Press, 25 October 2021, https://www.usnews.com/news/best-states/georgia/articles/2021-10-25/new-delay-for-georgia-nuclear-reactors-as-costs-mount.

Azarga (Azarga Uranium Corporation), 2019, Consolidated financial statements: Azarga Uranium Corporation, 31 December 2019, https://azargauranium.com/financial-type/annual-reports/.

Azarga, 2020, Consolidated financial statements: Azarga Uranium Corporation, 31 December 2020, https://azargauranium.com/financial-type/annual-reports/.

BLM (U.S. Bureau of Land Management), 2021, About mining and minerals: U.S. Bureau of Land Management, accessed December 2021, https://www.blm.gov/programs/energy-and-minerals/mining-and-minerals/about.

Blue Star Helium Ltd. (Blue Star), 2020, 3 Bcf prospective helium resource: Blue Stat Helium Ltd., ASX announcement, 27 May 2020, https://www.bluestarhelium.com/investor-centre/asx-announcements/.

Blue Star Helium Ltd. (Blue Star), 2021, 2020 annual report: Blue Star Helium Ltd., posted 31 March 2021, 57 p., https://www.bluestarhelium.com/investor-centre/asx-announcements/.

Brennan, S.T., Rivera, J.L., Varela, B.A., and Park, A.J., 2021, National assessment of helium resources within known natural gas reservoirs: U.S. Geological Survey Scientific Investigations Report 2021-5085, 5 p., https://pubs.er.usgs.gov/publication/sir20215085.

Brownfield, M.E., Mercier, T.J., Johnson, R.C., and Self, J.G., 2010, Nahcolite resources in the Green River Formation, Piceance Basin, Colorado: U.S. Geological Survey Digital Data Series DDS–69–Y, chapter 2, 51 p., https://pubs.usgs.gov/dds/dds-069/dds-069-y/REPORTS/69_Y_CH_2.pdf.

Cameco, 2021, Uranium price: Cameco, accessed December 2021, https://www.cameco.com/invest/markets/uranium-price.

Cappa, J.A., Sadlick J., Litke, D.W., McCormick, M.L. and Hiatt, C.S., 2000, Digital version of the 1974 Atlas 5‐A: Colorado Geological Survey, Open File Report 00‐09, https://coloradogeologicalsurvey.org/publications/atlas-sand-gravel-quarry-aggregate-resources-colorado-front-range/.

Carroll, C.J., 2004, 2003 Summary of coal resources in Colorado: Colorado Geological Survey Special Publication 54, 25 p., https://coloradogeologicalsurvey.org/publications/summary-coal-resources-colorado-2003/.

CDNR (Colorado Department of Natural Resources), 2020, Colorado Oil and Gas Conservation Commission unanimously adopts SB 19-181 new mission change rules, alternative location analysis and cumulative impacts: Colorado Department of Natural Resources, accessed December 2021, https://dnr.colorado.gov/press-release/colorado-oil-gas-conservation-commission-unanimously-adopts-sb-19-181-new-mission.

CDPHE (Colorado Department of Public Health and Environment), 2020, Pinon Ridge uranium mill: Colorado Department of Public Health and Environment, accessed December 2020, https://sites.google.com/state.co.us/pinon-ridge-uranium-mill/home.

CGS (Colorado Geological Survey), 2021, Uranium: Colorado Geological Survey, accessed December 2021, https://coloradogeologicalsurvey.org/energy/e-uranium/.

Chenoweth, W.L., 1978, Uranium in Western Colorado: The Mountain Geologist, v. 14, no. 3, July 1978, p. 89-96, https://archives.datapages.com/data/rmag/mg/1978/chenoweth.htm.

Chenoweth, W. L., 1980, Uranium in Colorado: in Colorado Geology, Kent, H. C. and Porter, K. W., eds., Rocky Mountain Assoc. of Geologists, 1980, 221 p.

Seneca II-W coal mine, Wolf Creek pit with excavators, Routt County, Colorado, October 2005. Photo credit: Chris Carroll for the CGS.
Seneca II-W coal mine, Wolf Creek pit with excavators, Routt County, Colorado, October 2005. Photo credit: Chris Carroll for the CGS.

COGCC (Colorado Oil and Gas Conservation Commission), 2021a, Colorado oil and gas information system: Colorado Oil and Gas Conservation Commission, Department of Natural Resources, accessed September 2021, https://cogcc.state.co.us/data5_ext.html#/cogis.

COGCC, 2021b, Colorado oil and gas commission data downloads: Colorado Oil and Gas Conservation Commission, accessed August 2021, https://cogcc.state.co.us/data2.html#/downloads.

COGCC, 2021c, 2020 annual report to the Water Quality Control Commission (WQCC) and Water Quality Control Division (WQCD) of the Colorado Department of Public Health and Environment (CDPHE): Colorado Oil and Gas Conservation Commission, Department of Natural Resources, 11 January 2021, 25 p., https://cdphe.colorado.gov/sb-89-181-implementing-agencies-annual-reports.

COGCC, 2021d, Colorado Oil and Gas Conservation Commission implementing Colorado’s oil and gas law SB19-181, mission change rulemaking series fact sheet: Colorado Oil and Gas Conservation Commission, 6 p., https://cogcc.state.co.us/documents/media/Mission_Change_200_600_800_900_1200_Series_Fact_Sheet_20201123.pdf.

COGCC, 2021e, Financial assurance rulemaking: Colorado Oil and Gas Conservation Commission website, accessed December 2021, https://cogcc.state.co.us/hearings.html#/rulemaking_sb181_financial_assurance.

Colorado Sun, 2021, Xcel Energy moves up closure dates for coal-fired power plant near Steamboat Springs: Colorado Sun, Mark Jaffe, accessed January 2021, https://coloradosun.com/2021/01/04/hayden-power-plant-early-closure-colorado/.

Congress (U.S. Congress), 2019, S. 1386 – Hardrock Mining and Reclamation Act of 2019: U.S. Congress, https://www.congress.gov/bill/116th-congress/senate-bill/1386?s=1&r=7.

Congress, 2020, H.R. 2579 – Materials Act of 1947, Hardrock Leasing and Reclamation Act of 2019: U.S. Congress, https://www.congress.gov/bill/116th-congress/house-bill/2579.

Congress, 2021, H.R. 5033 – Rare earth magnet manufacturing production tax credit act of 2021: U.S. Congress, https://www.congress.gov/bill/117th-congress/house-bill/5033?s=1&r=40.

CPR (Colorado Public Radio), 2021, The end of an era: The Martin Drake Coal Plant in Colorado Springs burns coal no longer: Colorado Public Radio, 26 August 2021, https://www.cpr.org/2021/08/26/the-end-of-an-era-the-martin-drake-coal-plant-in-colorado-springs-burns-coal-no-longer/.

Cucinotta D. and Vanelli M., 2020, WHO declares COVID-19 a pandemic: Acta Bio Medica, v. 91, no. 1, 10 March 2020, p. 157-60, https://www.mattioli1885journals.com/index.php/actabiomedica/article/view/9397.

Daily Record (Cañon City Daily Record), 2020, Florence’s LafargeHolcim aims to be first in U.S. to capture carbon on a commercial scale: Cañon City Daily Record, Judith Kohler, 20 October 2020, https://www.canoncitydailyrecord.com/2020/10/20/colorado-cement-plant-carbon-capture-project/.

Dateline (Dateline Resources), 2020a, Annual report for the financial year ended 30 June 2020: Dateline Resources, https://www.datelineresources.com.au/asx-announcements/.

Dateline, 2020b, September 2020 quarterly report: Dateline Resources, https://www.datelineresources.com.au/asx-announcements/.

Dateline, 2021a, March 2021 quarterly report: Dateline Resources, https://www.datelineresources.com.au/asx-announcements/.

Dateline, 2021b, 2021 annual report for the financial year ended 30 June 2021: Dateline Resources, https://www.datelineresources.com.au/asx-announcements/.

Delecta (Delecta Limited), 2021a, Annual financial report 2021 for the year ended 30 June 2021: Delecta Limited, 72 p., http://www.delecta.com.au/.

Delecta, 2021b, Exploration recommences at REX uranium project: Delecta Limited, ASX announcement, 11 November 2021, https://www.delecta.com.au/.

Denver Post, 2017, Xcel Energy plans to retire two coal-fired plants in Pueblo, increase renewables: Denver Post, accessed December 2021, https://www.denverpost.com/2017/08/29/xcel-energy-pueblo-coal-plants-retiring/.

DOE (U.S. Department of Energy), 2020a, U.S. Department of Energy Issues LNG Export Approval to Jordan Cove: U.S. Department of Energy, https://www.energy.gov/articles/us-department-energy-issues-lng-export-approval-jordan-cove.

DOE, 2020b, Department of Energy announces $122 million for regional initiative to produce rare earth elements and critical minerals: U.S. Department of Energy, 22 September 2021, https://www.energy.gov/articles/department-energy-announces-122-million-regional-initiative-produce-rare-earth-elements-and.

DOE, 2020c, Restoring America’s competitive nuclear energy advantage, a strategy to assure U.S. national security: U.S. Department of Energy, April 2020, https://www.energy.gov/strategy-restore-american-nuclear-energy-leadership, the report is here: https://www.energy.gov/sites/prod/files/2020/04/f74/Restoring%20America%27s%20Competitive%20Nuclear%20Advantage-Blue%20version%5B1%5D.pdf.

DOE, 2020d, Secretary Brouillette announces the nuclear fuel working group’s strategy to restore American nuclear energy leadership: U.S. Department of Energy, 23 April 2020, https://www.energy.gov/articles/secretary-brouillette-announces-nuclear-fuel-working-groups-strategy-restore-american.

Surface operations at the Climax molybdenum mine, Lake County, Colorado, 2009. Photo credit: Vince Matthews for the CGS.
Surface operations at the Climax molybdenum mine, Lake County, Colorado, 2009. Photo credit: Vince Matthews for the CGS.

DOE, 2021, DOE awards $19 million for initiatives to produce rare earth elements and critical minerals: U.S. Department of Energy, 29 April 2021, https://www.energy.gov/articles/doe-awards-19-million-initiatives-produce-rare-earth-elements-and-critical-minerals.

DOLA (Colorado Department of Local Affairs), 2021, Direct distribution of severance tax and federal mineral lease memo: Colorado Department of Local Affairs, 30 August 2021, see link to “DLG Memo re: 2021 Direct Distribution,” https://cdola.colorado.gov/funding-programs/direct-distribution-severance-tax-federal-mineral-lease.

DOT (U.S. Department of Transportation), 2021, The Bipartisan Infrastructure Law will deliver for Colorado: U.S. Department of Transportation, 4 p., https://www.transportation.gov/sites/dot.gov/files/2021-11/Bipartisan_Infrastructure_Law_Colorado.pdf.

DRMS (Colorado Division of Reclamation, Mining and Safety), 2021a, accessed October 2021, https://www.colorado.gov/pacific/drms/data-search.

DRMS, 2021b, 2020 Production report data, non-coal sites, C.R.S. 34-24-101: Colorado Division of Reclamation, Mining and Safety, accessed December 2021, https://www.colorado.gov/pacific/drms/data-search.

E&E News, 2021, Jordan Cove project dies. What it means for FERC, gas: accessed December 2021, https://www.eenews.net/articles/jordan-cove-project-dies-what-it-means-for-ferc-gas/.

Eckel, E.B., 1949, Geology and ore deposits of the La Plata District Colorado: U.S. Geological Survey Professional Paper 219, 179 p., https://pubs.usgs.gov/pp/0219/report.pdf.

Edison (Edison Investment Research), 2021, Global helium market update: market shifting to oversupply by mid-2020s: Edison Investment Research, May 2021, https://www.edisongroup.com/wp-content/uploads/2021/05/Helium_report050521_final.pdf.

EIA, 2020a, As U.S. coal-fired capacity and utilization decline, operators consider seasonal operation: U.S. Energy Information Administration, 1 September 2020, https://www.eia.gov/todayinenergy/detail.php?id=44976.

EIA, 2020b, 2019 domestic uranium production report: U.S. Energy Information Administration, dated May 2020, 15 p. https://www.eia.gov/uranium/production/annual/archive/dupr2019.pdf.

EIA, 2021a, U.S. crude oil and natural gas proved reserves, year-end 2019, January 2021: U.S. Department of Energy, 45 p., https://www.eia.gov/naturalgas/crudeoilreserves/pdf/usreserves.pdf.

EIA, 2021b, Annual coal report 2020, October 2021: U.S. Department of Energy, 68 p., https://www.eia.gov/coal/annual/.

EIA, 2021c, How much shale (tight) oil is produced in the United States: U.S. Energy Information Administration, accessed December 2021, https://www.eia.gov/tools/faqs/faq.php?id=847&t=6.

EIA, 2021d, Domestic crude oil first purchase prices by area: U.S. Energy Information Administration, accessed September 2021, https://www.eia.gov/dnav/pet/pet_pri_dfp1_k_a.htm.

EIA, 2021e, Proved reserves of crude oil and natural gas in the United States, Year-End 2019: U.S. Energy Information Administration, January 2021, 45 p., https://www.eia.gov/naturalgas/crudeoilreserves/pdf/usreserves.pdf.

EIA, 2021f, Henry Hub natural gas spot price: U.S. Energy Information Administration, accessed September 2021, https://www.eia.gov/dnav/ng/hist/rngwhhda.htm.

EIA, 2021g, Colorado state profile and energy estimates: U.S. Energy Information Administration, accessed December 2021, https://www.eia.gov/state/?sid=CO.

EIA, 2021h, Electricity generation, capacity, and sales in the United States: U.S. Energy Information Administration, website accessed December 2021, https://www.eia.gov/energyexplained/electricity/electricity-in-the-us-generation-capacity-and-sales.php#:~:text=At%20the%20end%20of%202019,solar%20photovoltaic%20electricity%20generating%20capacity.

EIA, 2021i, U.S. energy-related CO2 emissions declined by 11% in 2020: U.S. Energy Information Administration, 12 April 2021, https://www.eia.gov/todayinenergy/detail.php?id=47496.

EIA, 2021j, Colorado state profile and energy estimates, profile analysis: U.S. Energy Information Administration, accessed December 2021, https://www.eia.gov/state/analysis.php?sid=CO.

EIA, 2021k, Annual coal distribution report: U.S. Energy Information Administration, 4 October 2021, https://www.eia.gov/coal/distribution/annual/.

EIA, 2021l, Electric power annual (see Table 1.1): U.S. Energy Information Administration, accessed December 2021, https://www.eia.gov/electricity/annual/.

EIA, 2021m, Nuclear explained: U.S. Energy Information Administration, accessed December 2021, https://www.eia.gov/energyexplained/nuclear/us-nuclear-industry.php#:~:text=At%20the%20end%20of%20December,is%20about%2038%20years%20old.

EIA, 2021n, 2020 Uranium marketing annual report: U.S. Energy Information, 20 May 2021, https://www.eia.gov/uranium/marketing/.

EIA, 2021o, Domestic uranium production report – annual: U.S. Energy Information, website landing page accessed December 2021, https://www.eia.gov/uranium/production/annual/.

Federal Register, 2021a, 2021 Draft list of critical minerals: U.S. National Archives, 9 November 2021, https://www.federalregister.gov/documents/2021/11/09/2021-24488/2021-draft-list-of-critical-minerals.

Federal Register, 2021b, 2021 Request for information regarding establishment of the Department of Energy uranium reserve program: U.S. National Archives, 11 August 2021, https://www.federalregister.gov/documents/2021/08/11/2021-17145/request-for-information-regarding-establishment-of-the-department-of-energy-uranium-reserve-program.

American Gypsum Mine—formerly Centex and before that, Eagle Gypsum Limited— supplying gypsum for their drywall plant in Gypsum, Colorado, February 1996. Photo credit: Colorado Geological Survey.
American Gypsum Mine—formerly Centex and before that, Eagle Gypsum Limited— supplying gypsum for their drywall plant in Gypsum, Colorado, February 1996. Photo credit: Colorado Geological Survey.

FERC (Federal Energy Regulatory Commission), 2021, State of the markets 2020: Federal Energy Regulatory Commission, Office of Energy Policy and Innovation, Division of Energy Market Assessments, 18 March 2021, 20 p.

Fortier, S.M., Nassar, N.T., Lederer, G.W., Brainard, Jamie, Gambogi, Joseph, and McCullough, E.A., 2018, Draft critical mineral list—Summary of methodology and background information—U.S. Geological Survey technical input document in response to Secretarial Order No. 3359: U.S. Geological Survey Open-File Report 2018–1021, 15 p., https://doi.org/10.3133/ofr20181021.

Freeport (Freeport-McMoRan Inc.), 2021a, Form 10-K annual report: Freeport-McMoRan Inc., https://www.fcx.com/.

Freeport (Freeport-McMoRan Inc.), 2021b, Form 8-K: Freeport-McMoRan Inc., dated 21 October 2021, https://www.fcx.com/.

Hardy, M., Ramey, M., Yates, C, and Nielsen, K., 2003, Solution mining of nahcolite at the American Soda Project, Piceance Creek, Colorado: 2003 Society for Mining, Metallurgy & Exploration, Annual Meeting, Feb. 24-26, Cincinnati, Ohio, Preprint 03-104, https://www.agapito.com/wp-content/uploads/2010/05/Solution-Mining-of-Nahcolite.pdf.

Hofstra, A.H., and Kreiner, D.C., 2020, Systems-Deposits-Commodities-Critical Minerals Table for the Earth Mapping Resources Initiative: U.S. Geological Survey Open-File Report 2020–1042, 24 p., https://pubs.er.usgs.gov/publication/ofr20201042.

IEA (International Energy Agency), 2018a, Cement technology roadmap plots path to cutting CO2 emissions 24% by 2050: International Energy Agency, 6 April 2018, https://www.iea.org/news/cement-technology-roadmap-plots-path-to-cutting-co2-emissions-24-by-2050.

IEA, 2018b, Technology roadmap, low-carbon transition in the cement industry: International Energy Agency, March 2018, 61 p., https://www.iea.org/reports/technology-roadmap-low-carbon-transition-in-the-cement-industry.

IEA, 2020, Award-winning coal unit set for retirement, IEA Clean Coal Centre, accessed December 2021, https://www.iea-coal.org/usa-award-winning-coal-unit-set-for-retirement/#:~:text=The%20five%20owners%20of%20a,the%20facility%20will%20be%20shuttered.

IEA, 2021, Oil markets face uncertain future after rebound from historic Covid-19 shock: International Energy Agency, 17 March 2021, https://www.iea.org/news/oil-markets-face-uncertain-future-after-rebound-from-historic-covid-19-shock.

LafargeHolcim, 2020, U.S. Department of Energy’s National Energy Technology Laboratory announces investment to further develop LH CO2METN Colorado project, carbon capture technology: Lafarge Holcim, 17 September 2020, https://www.lafargeholcim.us/us-department-energys-national-energy-technology-laboratory-announces-investment-further-develop-lh.

Libero (Libero Copper), 2020, Management’s discussion and analysis, for the year ended December 31, 2020: Libero Copper, https://www.liberocopper.com/_resources/financials/LBC-MDA-Q4-2020.pdf.

Libero, 2021, Management’s discussion and analysis, for the three and six months ended June 30, 2021: Libero Copper, https://www.liberocopper.com/_resources/financials/MDA-Q2-2021.pdf.

Lien (Pete Lien and Sons), 2021, accessed December 2021, https://www.petelien.com/.

McIntosh, W.C. and Chapin, C.E., 2004, Geochronology of the central Colorado volcanic field: New Mexico Bureau of Geology and Mineral Resources, Bulletin 160, p. 205-237, https://geoinfo.nmt.edu/publications/monographs/bulletins/downloads/160/papers/10mcntsh.pdf.

Metallic Minerals (Metallic Minerals Corp.), 2020, La Plata property overview: Metallic Minerals Corp., accessed December 2020, https://www.metallic-minerals.com/projects/laplata-1/property-overview/.

Metallic Minerals, 2021, Metallic minerals announces start of first phase drilling at La Plata silver-gold-copper project in southwest Colorado, USA: Metallic Minerals Corp., https://www.metallic-minerals.com/news/2021/metallic-minerals-announces-start-of-first-phase-drilling-at-la-plata-silver-gold-copper-project-in-southwest-colorado-usa/.

Nassar, N.T. and Fortier, S.M., 2021, Methodology and technical input for the 2021 review and revision of the U.S. critical minerals list: U.S. Geological Survey, Open-file report 2021-1045, 31 p., https://pubs.er.usgs.gov/publication/ofr20211045.

NETL (U.S. National Energy Technology Laboratory), 2021, NETL Carbon management and oil and gas research project review meeting, integrating CCUS projects and FEED studies, LafargeHolcim CO2MENT Colorado project FE0031942: presentation by Svante, 3 August 2021, https://netl.doe.gov/sites/default/files/netl-file/21CMOG_CCUS_Jelen.pdf.

Nelson-Moore, J.L., Bishop Collins, D., Hornbaker, A.L., 1978, Radioactive mineral occurrences of Colorado and bibliography: Colorado Geological Survey Bulletin 40, 1054 p., https://coloradogeologicalsurvey.org/publications/bibliography-radioactive-minerals-colorado/.

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O’Keeffe, M.K. and Berry, K.A., 2021, Colorado mineral and energy industry activities 2019-2020: Colorado Geological Survey Information Series 83, 32 p., https://coloradogeologicalsurvey.org/publications/colorado-mineral-energy-industry-activities-2020/.

O’Keeffe, M.K., Peretyatko, A.I., and Berry, K.A., 2018, Colorado mineral and energy industry activities 2017-2018: Colorado Geological Survey Information Series 81, 29 p., https://coloradogeologicalsurvey.org/publications/colorado-mineral-energy-industry-activities-2018/.

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S&P (S&P Global Market Intelligence), 2021a, Investment fund Sprott turns uranium prices red hot, fund managers say: S&P Global Market Intelligence, 20 September 2021, https://www.spglobal.com/marketintelligence/en/news-insights/latest-news-headlines/investment-fund-sprott-turns-uranium-prices-red-hot-fund-managers-say-66637758.

S&P (S&P Global Market Intelligence), 2021b, PDAC special edition: world exploration trends 2021: S&P Global Market Intelligence, March 2021, 12 p., https://pages.marketintelligence.spglobal.com/world-exploration-trends-2021-report-MS.html.

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Aggregate quarry near Durango, Colorado. Photo credit: Mike O'Keeffe for the CGS.
Aggregate quarry near Durango, Colorado. Photo credit: Mike O’Keeffe for the CGS.

SEC (U.S. Securities and Exchange Commission), 2021, Modernization of property disclosures for mining registrants: a small entity compliance guide: U.S. Securities and Exchange Commission, https://www.sec.gov/corpfin/secg-modernization-property-disclosures-mining-registrants.

SLB (Colorado State Land Board), 2021a, State Land Board income and inventory report, fiscal year 2019-20, annual review of income generated by State Trust lands: Colorado State Board of Land Commissioners, 23 p., https://slb.colorado.gov/reports .

SLB, 2021b, Annual report fiscal year 2019-2020: Colorado State Land Board, 16 p., https://slb.colorado.gov/reports.

Summit Brick Company, 2021, accessed December 2021, https://www.summitbrick.com/about.html.

Svante (Svante, Inc.), 2021, accessed December 2021, https://svanteinc.com/carbon-capture-technology/.

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U.S. White House, 2021a, Executive order on America’s supply chains: U.S. White House, 24 February 2021, https://www.whitehouse.gov/briefing-room/presidential-actions/2021/02/24/executive-order-on-americas-supply-chains/.

U.S. White House, 2021b, FACT SHEET: Biden-Harris administration announces supply chain disruptions task force to address short-term supply chain discontinuities: U.S. White House, 8 June 2021, https://www.whitehouse.gov/briefing-room/statements-releases/2021/06/08/fact-sheet-biden-harris-administration-announces-supply-chain-disruptions-task-force-to-address-short-term-supply-chain-discontinuities/.

U.S. White House, 2021c, President Biden’s Bipartisan Infrastructure Law: U.S. White House, https://www.whitehouse.gov/bipartisan-infrastructure-law/.

USDR (U.S. Department of Revenue), 2021, Natural resources revenue data: U.S. Department of the Interior, U.S. Department of Revenue, https://revenuedata.doi.gov/, accessed August 2021.

USGS (U.S. Geological Survey), 2009, Nahcolite resources in the Green River Formation, Piceance Basin, Northwestern Colorado: U.S. Geological Survey, Oil Shale Assessment Project Fact Sheet 2009-3011, March 2009, https://pubs.usgs.gov/fs/2009/3011/pdf/FS09-3011.pdf.

USGS, 2013, In-place oil shale resources examined by grade in the major basins of the Green River Formation, Colorado, Utah, and Wyoming: U.S. Geological Survey Fact Sheet 2012-345, January 2013, 3 p., https://pubs.usgs.gov/fs/2012/3145/FS12-3145.pdf.

USGS, 2016, 2016 Assessment of continuous (unconventional) oil and gas resources in the Late Cretaceous Mancos Shale of the Piceance Basin, Uinta-Piceance Province, Colorado and Utah, 2016: U.S. Geological Survey Fact Sheet 2016-3030, 4 p., https://pubs.usgs.gov/fs/2016/3030/fs20163030.pdf.

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Aggregate pits along Boulder Creek near Del Camino, Weld County, Colorado, November 2008. Photo credit: Vince Matthews for the CGS.
Aggregate pits along Boulder Creek near Del Camino, Weld County, Colorado, November 2008. Photo credit: Vince Matthews for the CGS.

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